Tour de France 1996 : the real numbers of doping

Statistics

The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.

Teams	Riders	Pinned	Top 10	Pinned	Podium	Pinned
BANESTO	9	3	0	0	0	0
ONCE	9	4	0	0	0	0
Team Deutsche TELEKOM	9	9	2	2	2	2
MAPEI-GB	9	5	2	2	0	0
MG TECHNOGYM	9	3	0	0	0	0
GEWISS-PLAYBUS	9	5	0	0	0	0
MOTOROLA	9	6	0	0	0	0
FESTINA Watches	9	7	2	2	1	1
RABOBANK	9	5	0	0	0	0
GAN	9	4	0	0	0	0
SAECO	9	5	0	0	0	0
Team POLTI	9	3	1	1	0	0
PANARIA-VINAVIL	9	4	0	0	0	0
CARRERA Blue Jeans	9	4	1	0	0	0
ROSLOTTO-ZG MOBILI	9	3	1	1	0	0
TVM	9	8	0	0	0	0
REFIN-MOBILVETTA	9	3	0	0	0	0
LOTTO-ISOGLASS	9	4	0	0	0	0
KELME-ARTIACH	9	6	1	0	0	0
BRESCIALAT	9	3	0	0	0	0
AGRIGEL-LA CREUSE-FENIOUX	9	2	0	0	0	0
AUBERVILLIERS 93-PEUGEOT	9	1	0	0	0	0
Total	198	97	10	8	3	3
Pourcentage		49%		80%		100%

Other data :

• Route : 's-Hertogenbosch (Netherlands) - Paris
• Stages : 21
• Riders : 198
• Finishers : 129
• Distance : 3765 km
• Winning time : 95h 57'16"
• Average speed of the winner : 39,227 km/h
• Difference between winner and second rider : 1'41" ie 0,03 %
• Difference between winner and last rider : 3:49'52" ie 3,99 %
• Number of doping cases : 0

The official ranking

Ranking source : http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net (31/01/2008)

1. Riis Bjarne in 95h57'16'' 198x : confessions in 2010 (no penalty) ; 1993 : confessions in 2007 ; 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
2. Ullrich Jan at 0h01'41'' 1995 : aveux en 2023 (no penalty) ; 1997 : confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (no penalty) ; 2002 : positive control ; 2005 : judicial investigation
3. Virenque Richard at 0h04'37'' 1994 : confessions in 2000 ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair (sanction not known) ; 1999 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 1999 : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
4. Dufaux Laurent at 0h05'53'' 1998 : blood test, urine, hair, confessions in 1998
5. Luttenberger Peter at 0h07'07''
6. Leblanc Luc at 0h10'03'' 1993 : confessions in 1998 (no penalty)
7. Ugrumov Piotr at 0h10'04'' 1995 : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
8. Escartin Fernando at 0h10'26''
9. Olano Abraham at 0h11'00'' 1994 : positive control ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
10. Rominger Tony at 0h11'53'' 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
11. Indurain Miguel at 0h14'14'' 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
12. Jonker Patrick at 0h18'58''
13. Hamburger Bo at 0h22'19'' 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1995 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty) ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known) ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : laboratory inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : positive control ; 2003 : positive control
14. Bolts Udo at 0h25'56'' 1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
15. Elli Alberto at 0h26'18'' 2001 : in the act
16. Fernandez Gines Manuel at 0h26'28''
17. Piepoli Leonardo at 0h27'36'' 2007 : positive control (2 times) ; 2008 : positive control (2 times)
18. Brochard Laurent at 0h32'11'' 1991 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1997 : confessions in 2000 (no penalty) ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 ; 1998 : positive control
19. Bartoli Michele at 0h37'18'' 2006 : police investigation (no penalty)
20. Berzin Evgueni at 0h38'00'' 1997 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 2000 : blood test
21. Ekimov Vjatceslav at 0h43'58''
22. Cattai Stefano at 0h48'03''
23. Madouas Laurent at 0h53'15'' 1994 : positive control
24. Gonzalez Gutierrez Arsenio at 0h55'28''
25. Lelli Massimiliano at 0h55'35''
26. Zülle Alex at 0h56'47'' 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
27. Guerini Giuseppe at 1h05'12''
28. Sorensen Rolf at 1h11'28'' 199x : confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 1993 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
29. Skibby Jesper at 1h11'36'' 1990 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1991 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1992 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
30. Fincato Marco at 1h11'51''
31. Boogerd Michael at 1h13'45'' 2005 : confessions in 2013
32. Arrieta José-luis at 1h13'48'' 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
33. Savoldelli Paolo at 1h15'20'' 2005 : disciplinary investigation
34. Breukink Eric at 1h20'03''
35. Garmendia Arbilla Aitor at 1h20'42'' 1998 : blood test
36. Camenzind Oscar at 1h25'27'' 2004 : positive control
37. Chiappucci Claudio at 1h27'23'' 1993 : police investigation ; 1997 : blood test ; 1997 : blood test
38. Mauri-prat Melchior at 1h27'28''
39. Boardman Christopher at 1h27'44''
40. Echave Musatadi Federico at 1h29'25'' 1995 : positive control (sanction not known)
41. Sierra Roberto at 1h30'11''
42. Hervé Pascal at 1h33'01'' 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 2000 (sanction not known) ; 2001 : positive control
43. Gualdi Mirko at 1h34'59''
44. Roux Laurent at 1h36'11'' 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : blood test ; 2001 : confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 2002 : unannounced positive control ; 2005 : in the act
45. Tafi Andrea at 1h38'54'' 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
46. Ferrigato Andrea at 1h39'23''
47. Richard Pascal at 1h40'56''
48. Garcia Casas Felix Manuel at 1h42'13''
49. Stephens Neil at 1h43'33'' 1998 : analyses sang, urine, cheveux, aveux en 1998 (sanction not known)
50. Perona Davide at 1h43'40''
51. Fondriest Maurizio at 1h45'44''
52. Fois Valentino at 1h45'58'' 1997 : positive control ; 1998 : positive control ; 2002 : positive control
53. Diaz Zabala Herminio at 1h47'08''
54. Rodrigues Gomes Orlando Sergio at 1h47'15''
55. Thibout Bruno at 1h49'02''
56. Cenghialta Bruno at 1h49'19'' 199x : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
57. Jimenez José Maria at 1h51'30'' 199x : dead in 2003 ; 1993 : positive control (sanction not known)
58. Indurain Prudencio at 1h52'30''
59. Lanfranchi Paolo at 1h54'42''
60. Vanzella Flavio at 1h54'52'' 1986 : positive control
61. Podenzana Massimo at 1h55'18'' 1986 : positive control
62. Bourguignon Thierry at 1h56'38''
63. Baldato Fabio at 1h57'08''
64. Den Bakker Maarten at 1h58'25''
65. Siboni Marcello at 2h00'52'' 2001 : in the act
66. Alonso Monje Marino at 2h00'55''
67. Bourgeot Jean-pierre at 2h01'22''
68. Belli Wladimir at 2h01'42''
69. Vasseur Cédric at 2h02'05''
70. Donati Massimo at 2h02'53''
71. Castelblanco Joaquim-josé at 2h03'01'' 1996 : positive control ; 1999 : laboratory inquiry (no penalty) ; 2004 : positive control
72. Saligari Marco at 2h03'09''
73. Zen Marco at 2h04'03''
74. Dekker Eric at 2h05'03'' 1999 : positive control
75. Moreau Christophe at 2h07'20'' 1996 : confessions in 1998 ; 1998 : positive control ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair, confessions (no penalty) ; 2008 : medical control
76. Henn Christian at 2h07'33'' 1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control
77. Tchmil Andrei at 2h09'38''
78. Abdoujaparov Djamolidine at 2h10'02'' 1989 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control
79. Fornaciari Paolo at 2h10'04''
80. Boscardin Bruno at 2h10'12''
81. Aguirre Cabrera Julio-cesar at 2h10'23''
82. Zabel Erik at 2h10'26'' 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1996 : confessions in 2007 and 2013 ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
83. Aldag Rolf at 2h12'16'' 1995 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
84. Nelissen Danny at 2h12'25'' 1996 : confessions in 2013 (no penalty)
85. Pellicioli Oscar at 2h13'14''
86. Simon François at 2h16'19''
87. Ouslamine Sergei at 2h16'30''
88. Heppner Jens at 2h17'17'' 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
89. Munoz Fernandez Federico at 2h17'25'' 2004 : positive control
90. Jaermann Rolf at 2h20'28'' 1994 : confessions in 1999 (no penalty)
91. Lemarchand François at 2h21'15''
92. Uriarte José-ramon at 2h23'59''
93. Piccoli Mariano at 2h24'29'' 1999 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (no penalty) ; 2005 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 2010 : police investigation ; 201x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
94. Salvato Cristian at 2h26'59''
95. Museeuw Johan at 2h29'02'' 2003 : judicial investigation ; 200x : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
96. Gonzalez Pico Jaime "chepe" at 2h29'13'' 2001 : in the act
97. Brasi Rossano at 2h30'20'' 2000 : blood test
98. Roscioli Fabio at 2h31'06''
99. Voskamp Bart at 2h31'31'' 1998 : judicial investigation and confessions (no penalty)
100. Frattini Francesco at 2h32'06''
101. Sunderland Scott at 2h32'54''
102. Cabello Luque Francisco at 2h36'22'' 1994 : positive control (5 times)
103. Frattini Cristiano at 2h37'56''
104. Laurent Thierry at 2h37'57'' 1995 : confessions in 2000 (sanction not known) ; 1996 : positive control ; 1997 : confessions in 2003 (sanction not known) ; 1997 : blood test
105. Pumar Omar at 2h38'10''
106. Moncassin Frédéric at 2h38'57'' 199x : confessions in 2000 (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry and confessions in 2013 (no penalty)
107. Holm Brian at 2h39'51'' 1996 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty) ; 199x : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
108. Guesdon Frédéric at 2h42'49''
109. Vidal Jose-angel at 2h42'58''
110. Peeters Wilfried at 2h46'47''
111. Andreu Frankie at 2h48'46'' 1995 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
112. Baronti Alessandro at 2h52'37'' 2003 : positive control
113. Steinhauser Tobias at 2h54'34''
114. Gouvenou Thierry at 2h54'35''
115. Durand Jacky at 2h54'39'' 1996 : positive control ; 1996 : positive control ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
116. Van Petegem Peter at 2h56'10'' 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
117. Bottaro Dario at 2h56'38''
118. Talmant Gilles at 2h57'35''
119. De Vries Gerrit at 3h04'45''
120. Van Hyfte Paul at 3h06'43''
121. Cerioli Ivan at 3h07'50''
122. Farazijn Peter at 3h14'06'' 199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
123. Mattan Nico at 3h14'49'' 2000 : positive control ; 200x : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
124. Wauters Marc at 3h15'46''
125. Chiesa Mario at 3h18'02'' 1993 : police investigation (no penalty)
126. Biasci Simone at 3h22'16'' 200x : positive control
127. Poli Eros at 3h34'38'' 1986 : positive control
128. Blijlevens Jeroen at 3h35'12'' 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : senate inquiry and confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
129. Masdupuy Jean-luc at 3h49'52''

reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction

The alternative ranking

The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.

1. Luttenberger Peter
2. Escartin Fernando
3. Jonker Patrick
4. Fernandez Gines Manuel
5. Ekimov Viatcheslav
6. Cattai Stefano
7. Gonzales Arsenio
8. Lelli Massimiliano
9. Guerini Giuseppe
10. Fincato Marco
11. Breukink Erik
12. Mauri Melchior
13. Boardman Chris
14. Sierra Roberto
15. Gualdi Mirko
16. Ferrigato Andrea
17. Richard Pascal
18. Garcia Casas Felix Manuel
19. Perona Davide
20. Fondriest Maurizio
21. Diaz Zabala Herminio
22. Rodrigues Gomes Orlando Sergio
23. Thibout Bruno
24. Indurain Prudencio
25. Lanfranchi Paolo
26. Bourguignon Thierry
27. Baldato Fabio
28. Den Bakker Maarten
29. Alonso Marino
30. Bourgeot Jean-pierre
31. Belli Wladimir
32. Vasseur Cédric
33. Donati Massimo
34. Saligari Marco
35. Zen Marco
36. Tchmil Andrei
37. Fornaciari Paolo
38. Boscardin Bruno
39. Aguirre Julio-cesar
40. Pellicioli Oscar
41. Simon François
42. Ouslamine Serguei
43. Lemarchand François
44. Uriarte José-ramon
45. Salvato Cristian
46. Roscioli Fabio
47. Frattini Francesco
48. Sunderland Scott
49. Frattini Cristiano
50. Pumar Omar
51. Guesdon Frédéric
52. Vidal Jose-angel
53. Peeters Wilfried
54. Steinhauser Tobias
55. Gouvenou Thierry
56. Bottaro Dario
57. Talmant Gilles
58. De Vries Gerrit
59. Van Hyfte Paul
60. Cerioli Ivan
61. Wauters Marc
62. Masdupuy Jean-luc

The list of participants

The list of participants by team

BANESTO

45 years of existence, 29 cases, ie 0,64 per year

1. Indurain Miguel 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
2. Alonso Monje Marino
3. Aparicio Vila Vicente
4. Arrieta José-luis 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
5. Indurain Prudencio
6. Jimenez José Maria 199x : dead in 2003 ; 1993 : positive control (sanction not known)
7. Miranda Gonzales Carmelo
8. Rodrigues Gomes Orlando Sergio
9. Uriarte José-ramon

ONCE

18 years of existence, 20 cases, ie 1,11 per year

11. Jalabert Laurent 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
12. Cuesta Lopez De Cas. Inigo
13. Diaz Zabala Herminio
14. Garmendia Arbilla Aitor 1998 : blood test
15. Jonker Patrick
16. Mauri-prat Melchior
17. Sierra Roberto
18. Stephens Neil 1998 : analyses sang, urine, cheveux, aveux en 1998 (sanction not known)
19. Zülle Alex 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)

Team Deutsche TELEKOM

23 years of existence, 48 cases, ie 2,09 per year

21. Riis Bjarne 198x : confessions in 2010 (no penalty) ; 1993 : confessions in 2007 ; 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
22. Aldag Rolf 1995 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
23. Bolts Udo 1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
24. Henn Christian 1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control
25. Heppner Jens 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
26. Holm Brian 1996 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty) ; 199x : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
27. Kummer Mario 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
28. Ullrich Jan 1995 : aveux en 2023 (no penalty) ; 1997 : confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (no penalty) ; 2002 : positive control ; 2005 : judicial investigation
29. Zabel Erik 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1996 : confessions in 2007 and 2013 ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)

MAPEI-GB

32 years of existence, 26 cases, ie 0,81 per year

31. Rominger Tony 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
32. Echave Musatadi Federico 1995 : positive control (sanction not known)
33. Fernandez Gines Manuel
34. Gonzalez Gutierrez Arsenio
35. Lanfranchi Paolo
36. Museeuw Johan 2003 : judicial investigation ; 200x : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
37. Olano Abraham 1994 : positive control ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
38. Peeters Wilfried
39. Tafi Andrea 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)

MG TECHNOGYM

41. Baldato Fabio
42. Bartoli Michele 2006 : police investigation (no penalty)
43. Elli Alberto 2001 : in the act
44. Finco Carlo
45. Jaermann Rolf 1994 : confessions in 1999 (no penalty)
46. Lietti Marco
47. Pistore Roberto
48. Richard Pascal
49. Saligari Marco

GEWISS-PLAYBUS

51. Berzin Evgueni 1997 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 2000 : blood test
52. Bottaro Dario
53. Cenghialta Bruno 199x : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
54. Cerioli Ivan
55. Frattini Francesco
56. Gotti Ivan 1998 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 2001 : in the act
57. Minali Nicola 1997 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
58. Perona Davide
59. Zanini Stefano 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : in the act

MOTOROLA

17 years of existence, 29 cases, ie 1,71 per year

61. Armstrong Lance 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : laboratory inquiry
62. Andreu Frankie 1995 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
63. Hincapie George 1996 : confessions in 2012
64. Madouas Laurent 1994 : positive control
65. Montoya Alarcon Jesus
66. Ozers Kaspars
67. Sciandri Maximilian 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
68. Thibout Bruno
69. Vanzella Flavio 1986 : positive control

FESTINA Watches

12 years of existence, 31 cases, ie 2,58 per year

71. Virenque Richard 1994 : confessions in 2000 ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair (sanction not known) ; 1999 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 1999 : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
72. Boscardin Bruno
73. Brochard Laurent 1991 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1997 : confessions in 2000 (no penalty) ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 ; 1998 : positive control
74. Dufaux Laurent 1998 : blood test, urine, hair, confessions in 1998
75. Garcia Casas Felix Manuel
76. Hervé Pascal 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 2000 (sanction not known) ; 2001 : positive control
77. Magnien Emmanuel 1998 : blood control (sanction not known) ; 2000 : positive control
78. Moreau Christophe 1996 : confessions in 1998 ; 1998 : positive control ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair, confessions (no penalty) ; 2008 : medical control
79. Robin Jean-cyril 199x : confessions in 2004 (sanction not known)

RABOBANK

41 years of existence, 25 cases, ie 0,61 per year

81. Bruyneel Johan 199x : judicial investigation
82. Boogerd Michael 2005 : confessions in 2013
83. Breukink Eric
84. Dekker Eric 1999 : positive control
85. Ekimov Vjatceslav
86. Nelissen Danny 1996 : confessions in 2013 (no penalty)
87. Piziks Arvis
88. Sorensen Rolf 199x : confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 1993 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
89. Van Bon Leon

GAN

67 years of existence, 75 cases, ie 1,12 per year

91. Boardman Christopher
92. Heulot Stéphane 1999 : police investigation (no penalty)
93. Lemarchand François
94. Moncassin Frédéric 199x : confessions in 2000 (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry and confessions in 2013 (no penalty)
95. Moreau Francis 1996 : positive control
96. Rous Didier 1998 : analyses sang, urine, cheveux et aveux en 1998
97. Seigneur Eddy
98. Simon François
99. Vasseur Cédric

SAECO

15 years of existence, 20 cases, ie 1,33 per year

101. Cipollini Mario 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
102. Biasci Simone 200x : positive control
103. Calcaterra Giuseppe 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
104. Donati Massimo
105. Fagnini Gianmatteo
106. Fornaciari Paolo
107. Lelli Massimiliano
108. Poli Eros 1986 : positive control
109. Scirea Mario 2004 : in the act

Team POLTI

18 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 0,56 per year

111. Leblanc Luc 1993 : confessions in 1998 (no penalty)
112. Baldinger Dirk
113. Brasi Rossano 2000 : blood test
114. De Vries Gerrit
115. Gualdi Mirko
116. Guerini Giuseppe
117. Guesdon Frédéric
118. Imanaka Daisuke
119. Outschakov Serguei 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : positive control

PANARIA-VINAVIL

121. Belli Wladimir
122. Baronti Alessandro 2003 : positive control
123. Bramati Davide
124. Camenzind Oscar 2004 : positive control
125. Conti Roberto 2002 : in the act
126. Fois Valentino 1997 : positive control ; 1998 : positive control ; 2002 : positive control
127. Previtali Sergio
128. Spruch Zbigniew
129. Svorada Jan

CARRERA Blue Jeans

131. Chiappucci Claudio 1993 : police investigation ; 1997 : blood test ; 1997 : blood test
132. Chiesa Mario 1993 : police investigation (no penalty)
133. Luttenberger Peter
134. Pellicioli Oscar
135. Podenzana Massimo 1986 : positive control
136. Siboni Marcello 2001 : in the act
137. Traversoni Mario
138. Zaina Enrico
139. Zberg Beat

ROSLOTTO-ZG MOBILI

9 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 1,11 per year

141. Ugrumov Piotr 1995 : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
142. Cattai Stefano
143. Ferrigato Andrea
144. Fincato Marco
145. Fondriest Maurizio
146. Gontchenkov Alexandre
147. Lino Pascal 1993 : positive control ; 1996 : judicial investigation and confessions (no penalty) ; 1999 : confessions in 1999
148. Savoldelli Paolo 2005 : disciplinary investigation
149. Zen Marco

TVM

151. Den Bakker Maarten
152. Blijlevens Jeroen 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : senate inquiry and confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
153. Hamburger Bo 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1995 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty) ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known) ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : laboratory inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : positive control ; 2003 : positive control
154. Knaven Servais 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
155. Poulnikov Vladimir 1997 : positive control
156. Roux Laurent 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : blood test ; 2001 : confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 2002 : unannounced positive control ; 2005 : in the act
157. Skibby Jesper 1990 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1991 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1992 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
158. Van Petegem Peter 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
159. Voskamp Bart 1998 : judicial investigation and confessions (no penalty)

REFIN-MOBILVETTA

161. Abdoujaparov Djamolidine 1989 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control
162. Bettin Mauro
163. Colage Stefano 2021 : positive control
164. Imboden Heinz
165. Ouslamine Sergei
166. Piepoli Leonardo 2007 : positive control (2 times) ; 2008 : positive control (2 times)
167. Roscioli Fabio
168. Salvato Cristian
169. Steinhauser Tobias

LOTTO-ISOGLASS

41 years of existence, 14 cases, ie 0,34 per year

171. Tchmil Andrei
172. Bouvard Gilles 1997 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known) ; 1998 : blood control (sanction not known)
173. Farazijn Peter 199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
174. Fleischer Thomas
175. Kozlitine Oleg 2004 : judicial investigation
176. Mattan Nico 2000 : positive control ; 200x : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
177. Sunderland Scott
178. Van Hyfte Paul
179. Wauters Marc

KELME-ARTIACH

36 years of existence, 27 cases, ie 0,75 per year

181. Escartin Fernando
182. Aguirre Cabrera Julio-cesar
183. Buenahora Hernan 2006 : positive control ; 2008 : positive control
184. Cabello Luque Francisco 1994 : positive control (5 times)
185. Castelblanco Joaquim-josé 1996 : positive control ; 1999 : laboratory inquiry (no penalty) ; 2004 : positive control
186. Cubino Gonzalez Laudelino 1993 : positive control (sanction not known)
187. Gonzalez Pico Jaime "chepe" 2001 : in the act
188. Munoz Fernandez Federico 2004 : positive control
189. Vidal Jose-angel

BRESCIALAT

13 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,23 per year

191. Piccoli Mariano 1999 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (no penalty) ; 2005 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 2010 : police investigation ; 201x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
192. Bertolini Alessandro 1997 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 2000 : blood test (sanction not known)
193. Camin Claudio
194. Della Vedova Marco
195. Frattini Cristiano
196. Gelfi Luca
197. Jaskula Zenon 1993 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
198. Pumar Omar
199. Radaelli Mauro

AGRIGEL-LA CREUSE-FENIOUX

1 year of existence, 3 cases, ie 3 per year

201. Durand Jacky 1996 : positive control ; 1996 : positive control ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
202. Arnould Dominique
203. Bourgeot Jean-pierre
204. Bouyer Franck
205. Colotti Jean-claude
206. Laurent Thierry 1995 : confessions in 2000 (sanction not known) ; 1996 : positive control ; 1997 : confessions in 2003 (sanction not known) ; 1997 : blood test
207. Marie Thierry
208. Masdupuy Jean-luc
209. Vermote Michel

AUBERVILLIERS 93-PEUGEOT

32 years of existence, 8 cases, ie 0,25 per year

211. Capelle Christophe
212. Bourguignon Thierry
213. Genty Laurent
214. Gouvenou Thierry
215. Lesniewski Marek
216. Pontier Frederic 1997 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known) ; 1998 : positive control
217. Saugrain Cyril
218. Talmant Gilles
219. Teyssier Francisque

reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction

Revue de presse du Tour de France 1996

• 09/11/2010 - Riis: "J'ai dépensé 134.000 euros en dopage"
• 06/11/2010 - Riis ne cachait rien à sa femme
• 26/03/2010 - Jef d'Hont doit indemniser Walter Godefroot
• 06/07/2008 - Rudy Pevenage va parler
• 04/07/2008 - Le Tour 1996 réattribué à Riis
• 13/07/2007 - Zabel effacé des tablettes
• 07/06/2007 - Riis rayé du palmarès du Tour de France
• 05/06/2007 - Godefroot ne savait rien
• 29/05/2007 - Quand Telekom rendait hommage au père de l'"école de Fribourg"
• 27/05/2007 - Ullrich restera silencieux
• 26/05/2007 - D'Hont accuse Ullrich
• 25/05/2007 - Riis reconnaît s'être dopé
• 25/05/2007 - La plainte retirée?
• 24/05/2007 - Godefroot "avait informé l'UCI dès 1996"
• 24/05/2007 - Au tour de Zabel et Aldag
• 24/05/2007 - Les médecins de la Telekom avouent
• 24/05/2007 - Bölts démissionne
• 23/05/2007 - Rolf Aldag avoue
• 22/05/2007 - Un deuxième ancien coureur de Telekom reconnaît s'être dopé
• 03/05/2007 - T-Mobile suspend deux médecins de son staff
• 28/04/2007 - Un soigneur accuse Ullrich
• 30/03/2007 - En fait, c'était Monsieur 64%

See also

• The real numbers of doping (fr)
• The real numbers of doping on the Tour of Italy
• The real numbers of doping on the Tour de France
• The real numbers of doping on the Tour of Spain
• The doping cases on the Tour de France (fr)
• 
• Notes de lecture Acheter ce livre sur amazon.fr
• Notes de lecture Acheter ce livre sur amazon.fr