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Tour de France 1972 : the real numbers of doping |
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The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.
Teams | Riders | Pinned | Top 10 | Pinned | Podium | Pinned |
MOLTENI | 11 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
BEAULIEU-FLANDRIA | 11 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
SONOLOR | 11 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
PEUGEOT-BP-MICHELIN | 11 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
DE GRIBALDY-MAGNIFLEX-VAN CAUTER | 11 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
BIC | 11 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
GAN-MERCIER-HUTCHINSON | 11 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
ROKADO | 11 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
SALVARANI | 11 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
GOUDSMIT-HOFF | 11 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
GITANE | 11 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
WATNEY-AVIA | 11 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 132 | 66 | 10 | 9 | 3 | 3 |
Pourcentage | 50% | 90% | 100% |
Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.
Other data :
Ranking source : www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net (31/01/2008)
The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.
The list of participants by team
19 years of existence, 17 cases, ie 0,89 per year
1. Merckx Eddy - 1969 : positive control ; 1973 : positive control ; 1977 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1988 (sanction not known) ; 197x : fraud & confessions (sanction not known)
2. Bruyère Joseph - 1974 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1988 (no penalty)
3. De Schoenmaecker Joseph
4. Huysmans Jozef
5. In't Ven Willy - 1970 : positive control
6. Lievens Marc
7. Mintjens Frans
8. Spruyt Jozef
9. Swerts Roger - 1966 : positive control
10. Vandenbossche Martin
11. Van Schil Victor - 1968 : fraud
22 years of existence, 28 cases, ie 1,27 per year
12. Pereira De Andrade Joaquim
13. David Gérard - 1972 : fraud
14. De Muynck Johan
15. Dierickx André
16. Dolman Evert - 1967 : fraud
17. Mendes Fernando - 1977 : positive control ; 1980 : absence to control
18. Vandewiele Jan
19. Van Der Slagmolen Herman
20. Van Marcke Ronny
21. Vanneste Willy - 1967 : positive control
22. Zoetemelk Joop - 1976 : confessions in 1977 (no penalty) ; 1977 : positive control ; 1978 : confessions in 1979 (no penalty) ; 1979 : positive control ; 1983 : positive control
18 years of existence, 19 cases, ie 1,06 per year
23. Catieau José - 1967 : positive control ; 1970 : positive control
24. Guyot Bernard - 1968 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1969 : positive control ; 1973 : absence to control
25. Hézard Yves - 1971 : positive control
26. Mintkiewicz Robert - 1979 : positive control (sanction not known)
27. Pustjens Mathieu
28. Ricci Walter - 1971 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1971 : absence to control (sanction not known)
29. Riotte Raymond
30. Sanquer Jean-jacques
31. Teirlinck Willy - 1977 : positive control
32. Van Impe Lucien - 1981 : absence to control
33. Van Rijckeghem Daniel
67 years of existence, 75 cases, ie 1,12 per year
34. Bouloux Robert
35. Danguillaume Jean-pierre - 1974 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1978 (no penalty)
36. David Wilfried - 1969 : positive control ; 1972 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1974 : positive control
37. Delisle Raymond - 1968 : positive control ; 1974 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1977 (no penalty)
38. Dewitte Ronald - 1974 : positive control
39. Godefroot Walter - 1967 : absence to control ; 1973 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1974 : absence to control ; 1974 : positive control
40. Parenteau Jean-pierre
41. Pingeon Roger - 1970 : positive control ; 1971 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1979 (sanction not known)
42. Raymond Christian - 1969 : absence to control
43. Thévenet Bernard - 1976 : 2 positive controls (sanction not known) ; 1977 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1978 (no penalty)
44. Tschan Jurgen
45. Abbeloos Willy
46. Agostinho Joachim - 1969 : positive control ; 1972 : positive control ; 1973 : positive control ; 1977 : positive control
47. Beyssens Herman
48. Janssens Edward
49. Kindt Roger - 1969 : positive control ; 1970 : positive control
50. Martinez Mariano - 197x : confessions in 1997 (no penalty) ; 1980 : absence to control (no penalty)
51. Millard Joël
52. Largeau Jean-claude
53. Poppe André
54. Van Linden Rik
55. Van Staeyen Ludo
8 years of existence, 28 cases, ie 3,5 per year
56. Aranzabal Jesus - 1971 : positive control
57. Berland Roland
58. Genty Jean-claude - 199x : confessions in 2001 (poitier trial)
59. Labourdette Bernard - 1976 : fraud
60. Letort Désiré - 1967 : positive control, confessions in 1997 ; 1967 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1968 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1968 : positive control ; 1969 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1971 : positive control
61. Mortensen Leif - 1972 : positive control (no penalty)
62. Ocana Luis - 1977 : positive control
63. Santy Alain - 1971 : positive control ; 1971 : positive control ; 1972 : absence to control (no penalty)
64. Santy Guy
65. Schleck Johnny
66. Vasseur Sylvain - 1972 : positive control (no penalty)
45 years of existence, 32 cases, ie 0,71 per year
67. Cadiou Jacques - 1972 : under medical supervision (sanction not known)
68. Delépine Régis - 1975 : positive control
69. Genet Jean-pierre
70. Grelin René
71. Guimard Cyrille - 1970 : positive control ; 1972 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1974 : positive control
72. Hoban Barry - 1973 : positive control (sanction not known)
73. Moneyron Gérard - 197x : confessions in 1977 (sanction not known)
74. Mourioux Jacky - 1973 : positive control
75. Perin Michel
76. Poulidor Raymond - 196x : aveux en 1997 et 2016 (no penalty) ; 1966 : absence to control ; 1968 : refusal to submit to control (no penalty)
77. Ravaleu Yves - 1971 : positive control ; 1976 : fraud
78. Aimar Lucien - 1966 : positive control ; 1969 : absence to control ; 1969 : positive control ; 1973 : absence to control (sanction not known)
79. Bellone Gilbert - 1966 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1969 : absence to control (sanction not known) ; 1973 : positive control (no penalty)
80. Junkermann Hans - 1972 : positive control
81. Karstens Gerben - 1969 : positive control ; 1974 : absence to control ; 1974 : fraud
82. Künde Karl-heinz
83. Muddemann Karl-heinz
84. Peffgen Wilfried - 1969 : positive control
85. Puschel Dieter
86. Rasing Berndt
87. Schepers Wim - 1967 : positive control ; 1971 : positive control
88. Wolfshohl Rolf - 1968 : positive control (sanction not known)
89. Basso Marino - 2010 : positive control (?)
90. Campagnari Pietro
91. Castelletti Luigi
92. Gimondi Felice - 1968 : positive control ; 1974 : positive control ; 1975 : positive control ; 1978 : positive control (sanction not known)
93. Gualazzini Ercole
94. Guerra Pietro
95. Houbrechts Antoon
96. Mori Primo
97. Reybrouck Guido - 1966 : positive control ; 1968 : positive control
98. Santambrogio Giacinto
99. Zilioli Italo - 1966 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1969 : positive control
100. Duyndam Léo - 1972 : in the act
101. Harings Ger
102. Koeken Cees - 1972 : positive control
103. Krekels Jan
104. Prinsen Wim
105. Tabak Tino
106. Van Der Vleuten Jos - 1967 : positive control ; 1968 : positive control ; 1968 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1969 : positive control, fraud attempt
107. Van Katwijk Jan
108. Van Leeuwen Harrie
109. Vianen Gérard - 1971 : positive control ; 1972 : positive control
110. Wagtmans Rini - 1971 : positive control
24 years of existence, 21 cases, ie 0,88 per year
111. Bellouis Alain
112. Bolley Serge - 1974 : positive control
113. Briend Gérard
114. Chappe Georges - 1969 : positive control
115. Daunat Jean-claude - 1971 : positive control ; 1976 : positive control ; 1976 : positive control
116. Grenier René
117. Le Bourhis Loïc
118. Matignon Pierre - 1969 : positive control
119. Menard Léon-paul
120. Vidament Jean
121. Wright Michael
122. Aerts Paul
123. Antheunis Etienne
124. Coulon Michel
125. Nassen Pieter
126. Opdebeeck Englebert
127. Planckaert Walter - 1977 : positive control
128. Sohet Marc
129. Van Clooster Noël
130. Van Malderghem Willy
131. Verbeeck Frans - 1972 : positive control
132. Verstraeten Eddy