Tour de France 1993 : the real numbers of doping

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Last update : 12/05/2023

Statistics

The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.

Teams Riders Pinned Top 10 Pinned Podium Pinned
BANESTO 9 4 2 2 1 1
CARRERA JEANS-TASSONI 9 6 2 2 0 0
GATORADE-MEGA DRIVE 9 4 0 0 0 0
MOTOROLA 9 6 2 1 0 0
FESTINA 9 4 0 0 0 0
ONCE 9 4 1 1 0 0
ZG MOBILI-SIDI 9 4 0 0 0 0
TELEKOM 9 8 0 0 0 0
GB-MG MAGLIFICIO 9 5 1 1 1 1
GAN 9 4 0 0 0 0
TVM-BISON 9 4 0 0 0 0
NOVEMAIL-LASER COMPUTER 9 3 0 0 0 0
CASTORAMA 9 5 0 0 0 0
CLAS-CAJASTUR 9 4 1 1 1 1
WORDPERFECT 9 2 0 0 0 0
AMAYA SEGUROS 9 2 0 0 0 0
ARIOSTEA 9 6 1 1 0 0
LOTTO-BELGACOM 9 2 0 0 0 0
LAMPRE-POLTI 9 3 0 0 0 0
CHAZAL-VETTA MBK 9 5 0 0 0 0
TULIP COMPUTERS 9 4 0 0 0 0
PDM-CONCORDE 9 1 0 0 0 0
Total 198 90 10 9 3 3
Pourcentage 45% 90% 100%

Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.

Other data :



The official ranking

Ranking source : http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net (31/01/2008)

  1. Indurain Miguel in 95h57'09'' - 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
  2. Rominger Tony at 0h04'59'' - 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
  3. Jaskula Zenon at 0h05'48'' - 1993 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
  4. Mejia Alvaro at 0h07'29'' - 1987 : positive control
  5. Riis Bjarne at 0h16'26'' - 198x : confessions in 2010 (no penalty) ; 1993 : confessions in 2007 ; 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
  6. Chiappucci Claudio at 0h17'18'' - 1993 : police investigation ; 1997 : blood test ; 1997 : blood test
  7. Bruyneel Johan at 0h18'04'' - 199x : judicial investigation
  8. Hampsten Andrew at 0h20'14''
  9. Delgado Pedro at 0h23'57'' - 1988 : positive control (no penalty)
  10. Poulnikov Vladimir at 0h25'29'' - 1997 : positive control
  11. Faresin Gianni at 0h29'05'' - 2000 : blood test (sanction not known)
  12. Martin Velasco Antonio at 0h29'51''
  13. Roche Stephen at 0h29'53'' - 1993 : police investigation
  14. Conti Roberto at 0h30'05'' - 2002 : in the act
  15. Dojwa Jean-philippe at 0h30'24''
  16. Rincon Quintana Oliveiro at 0h33'19''
  17. Elli Alberto at 0h33'29'' - 2001 : in the act
  18. Unzaga Bombin Jon at 0h38'09''
  19. Virenque Richard at 0h38'12'' - 1994 : confessions in 2000 ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair (sanction not known) ; 1999 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 1999 : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
  20. Bugno Gianni at 0h40'08'' - 1994 : positive control ; 1997 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : in the act
  21. Vona Franco at 0h40'39''
  22. Madouas Laurent at 0h41'26'' - 1994 : positive control
  23. Echave Musatadi Federico at 0h42'25'' - 1995 : positive control (sanction not known)
  24. Millar Robert at 0h44'20'' - 1992 : positive control ; 199x : confessions (no penalty)
  25. Bolts Udo at 0h44'35'' - 1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
  26. Mauleon Javier at 0h45'18''
  27. Alcala Gallegos Raul at 0h47'40''
  28. Alcala Gallegos Raul at 0h47'40''
  29. Claveyrolat Thierry at 0h49'21'' - 1986 : police control (no penalty)
  30. Perini Giancarlo at 0h52'02'' - 199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
  31. Escartin Fernando at 0h53'09''
  32. Hamburger Bo at 0h53'42'' - 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1995 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty) ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known) ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : laboratory inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : positive control ; 2003 : positive control
  33. Gonzalez Arrieta José-ramon at 0h57'57''
  34. Ghirotto Massimo at 1h00'15''
  35. Sierra Leonardo at 1h01'35''
  36. Ekimov Viatcheslav at 1h06'43''
  37. Bourguignon Thierry at 1h08'56''
  38. Caritoux Eric at 1h13'57'' - 1986 : police control (no penalty)
  39. Cenghialta Bruno at 1h14'46'' - 199x : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
  40. Zdhanov Dimitri at 1h15'17''
  41. Mottet Charly at 1h16'15'' - 198x : confessions in 1989 (no penalty)
  42. Zülle Alex at 1h18'58'' - 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
  43. Cubino Laudelino at 1h19'26'' - 1993 : positive control (sanction not known)
  44. Lino Pascal at 1h19'53'' - 1993 : positive control ; 1996 : judicial investigation and confessions (no penalty) ; 1999 : confessions in 1999
  45. Brochard Laurent at 1h20'17'' - 1991 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1997 : confessions in 2000 (no penalty) ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 ; 1998 : positive control
  46. Bouwmans Eddy at 1h23'12''
  47. Rue Gérard at 1h25'34''
  48. Pensec Ronan at 1h33'35''
  49. Cornillet Bruno at 1h34'04''
  50. Bernard Jean-françois at 1h34'48''
  51. Museeuw Johan at 1h35'45'' - 2003 : judicial investigation ; 200x : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
  52. Vanzella Flavio at 1h35'50'' - 1986 : positive control
  53. Muller Jörg (sui) at 1h36'37'' - 1987 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
  54. Skibby Jesper at 1h36'43'' - 1990 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1991 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1992 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
  55. Jaermann Rolf at 1h37'23'' - 1994 : confessions in 1999 (no penalty)
  56. De Vries Gerrit at 1h37'24''
  57. Aldag Rolf at 1h37'36'' - 1995 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
  58. Simon François at 1h41'23''
  59. Martinez Perez Miguel-angel at 1h43'03''
  60. Lemarchand François at 1h43'20''
  61. Colage Stefano at 1h47'08'' - 2021 : positive control
  62. Ballerini Franco at 1h49'25'' - 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1996 : positive control
  63. Heppner Jens at 1h51'32'' - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  64. Boyer Eric at 1h52'12'' - 198x : confessions in 2005 (no penalty)
  65. Louviot Philippe at 1h52'19''
  66. Santaromita Mauro-antonio - 1997 : blood test ; 199x : blood test (no penalty)
  67. Pillon Laurent at 1h52'42''
  68. Nulens Guy at 1h53'40''
  69. Lance Pascal at 1h54'43''
  70. Sergeant Marc at 1h55'21'' - 1983 : positive control ; 1985 : positive control
  71. Sorensen Rolf at 1h56'50'' - 199x : confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 1993 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
  72. Sciandri Maximilian at 1h57'14'' - 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
  73. Alonso Marino at 1h58'04''
  74. Bortolami Gianluca at 1h59'14'' - 1998 : confessions (sanction not known) ; 1999 : judicial search (sanction not known) ; 2000 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 2003 : positive control
  75. Gorospe Julian at 2h00'22'' - 1984 : positive control
  76. Chanteur Pascal at 2h00'42'' - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  77. Abdoujaparov Djamolidine at 2h03'33'' - 1989 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control
  78. Holm Brian at 2h04'55'' - 1996 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty) ; 199x : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
  79. Holm Brian at 2h04'55'' - 1996 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty) ; 199x : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
  80. Gaston Crespi Inaki at 2h05'32''
  81. Jeker Fabian at 2h07'12''
  82. Van Den Akker John at 2h07'17''
  83. Arnould Dominique at 2h07'40''
  84. Martin Martinez Juan-carlos at 2h08'53''
  85. Roosen Luc at 2h09'16''
  86. Roosen Luc at 2h09'16''
  87. Anderson Phil at 2h10'45'' - 1983 : positive control
  88. Roscioli Fabio at 2h11'31''
  89. Peeters Wilfried at 2h11'55''
  90. Henn Christian at 2h12'13'' - 1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control
  91. Yates Sean at 2h16'38'' - 1989 : positive control (no penalty)
  92. Andreu Frankie at 2h17'10'' - 1995 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
  93. Lauritzen Dag-otto at 2h17'40''
  94. Den Bakker Maarten at 2h18'32''
  95. Den Bakker Maarten at 2h18'32''
  96. Chiesa Mario at 2h18'42'' - 1993 : police investigation (no penalty)
  97. Pineau Franck at 2h18'55''
  98. Uriarte José-ramon at 2h19'44''
  99. Murguialday Javier at 2h19'53''
  100. Bramati Davide at 2h22'18''
  101. Ouchakov Sergueï at 2h23'08'' - 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
  102. Raab Uwe at 2h23'24'' - 1991 : confessions in 1996 (no penalty)
  103. Audehm Gerd at 2h24'09''
  104. Rodriguez Nelson at 2h24'13''
  105. Bauer Steve at 2h25'46''
  106. Diaz Zabala Herminio at 2h25'57''
  107. Biondi Laurent at 2h26'59'' - 2005 : police investigation (no penalty)
  108. Zanatta Stefano at 2h27'37''
  109. Cassani Davide at 2h27'58''
  110. Maassen Frans at 2h28'55''
  111. Wauters Marc at 2h30'33''
  112. Delphis Jean-pierre at 2h32'50''
  113. Desbiens Laurent at 2h33'05'' - 1996 : positive control ; 1996 : positive control ; 1996 : positive control ; 1996 : positive control ; 1998 : confessions (sanction not known) ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  114. Baguet Serge at 2h34'45''
  115. Kummer Mario at 2h35'22'' - 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
  116. Kummer Mario at 2h35'22'' - 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
  117. Moncassin Frédéric at 2h35'35'' - 199x : confessions in 2000 (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry and confessions in 2013 (no penalty)
  118. Vermote Michel at 2h36'54''
  119. Frison Herman at 2h36'58''
  120. Frison Herman at 2h36'58''
  121. Capelle Christophe at 2h37'23''
  122. Dernies Michel at 2h37'37''
  123. Montoya Alarcon Jesus at 2h38'10''
  124. Cordes Tom at 2h40'12''
  125. Esnault Patrice at 2h40'47''
  126. Scirea Mario at 2h40'53'' - 2004 : in the act
  127. Durand Jacky at 2h40'57'' - 1996 : positive control ; 1996 : positive control ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  128. Talen John at 2h42'11''
  129. Casado Philippe at 2h43'02''
  130. Bourgeot Jean-pierre at 2h44'05''
  131. Fidanza Giovanni at 2h45'31''
  132. Indurain Prudencio at 2h53'49''
  133. Jakobs Gert at 2h55'48'' - 1989 : confessions in 2009 (no penalty) ; 1991 : positive control
  134. Tafi Andrea at 2h56'18'' - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  135. Nijdam Jelle at 2h56'52''
  136. Nelissen Danny at 3h00'09'' - 1996 : confessions in 2013 (no penalty)
  137. Runkel Dieter at 3h01'59''
  138. De Clercq Peter at 3h05'21''
  139. Colotti Jean-claude at 3h05'40''
  140. Mulders Rob at 3h06'06''
  141. Farazijn Peter at 3h11'43'' - 199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
  142. Van Hooydonck Edwig at 3h30'15''



The alternative ranking

The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.

  1. Hampsten Andrew
  2. Martin Velasco Antonio
  3. Dojwa Jean-philippe
  4. Rincon Quintana Oliveiro
  5. Unzaga Bombin Jon
  6. Vona Franco
  7. Mauleon Javier
  8. Alcala Gallegos Raul
  9. Alcala Gallegos Raul
  10. Escartin Fernando
  11. Gonzalez Arrieta José-ramon
  12. Ghirotto Massimo
  13. Sierra Leonardo
  14. Ekimov Viatcheslav
  15. Bourguignon Thierry
  16. Zdhanov Dimitri
  17. Bouwmans Eddy
  18. Rue Gérard
  19. Pensec Ronan
  20. Cornillet Bruno
  21. Bernard Jean-françois
  22. De Vries Gerrit
  23. Simon François
  24. Martinez Perez Miguel-angel
  25. Lemarchand François
  26. Louviot Philippe
  27. Pillon Laurent
  28. Nulens Guy
  29. Lance Pascal
  30. Alonso Marino
  31. Gaston Crespi Inaki
  32. Jeker Fabian
  33. Van Den Akker John
  34. Arnould Dominique
  35. Martin Martinez Juan-carlos
  36. Roosen Luc
  37. Roosen Luc
  38. Roscioli Fabio
  39. Peeters Wilfried
  40. Lauritzen Dag-otto
  41. Den Bakker Maarten
  42. Den Bakker Maarten
  43. Pineau Franck
  44. Uriarte José-ramon
  45. Murguialday Javier
  46. Bramati Davide
  47. Audehm Gerd
  48. Rodriguez Nelson
  49. Bauer Steve
  50. Diaz Zabala Herminio
  51. Zanatta Stefano
  52. Cassani Davide
  53. Maassen Frans
  54. Wauters Marc
  55. Delphis Jean-pierre
  56. Baguet Serge
  57. Vermote Michel
  58. Frison Herman
  59. Frison Herman
  60. Capelle Christophe
  61. Dernies Michel
  62. Montoya Alarcon Jesus
  63. Cordes Tom
  64. Esnault Patrice
  65. Talen John
  66. Casado Philippe
  67. Bourgeot Jean-pierre
  68. Fidanza Giovanni
  69. Indurain Prudencio
  70. Nijdam Jelle
  71. Runkel Dieter
  72. De Clercq Peter
  73. Colotti Jean-claude
  74. Mulders Rob
  75. Van Hooydonck Edwig



The list of participants

The list of participants by team

BANESTO

44 years of existence, 29 cases, ie 0,66 per year

1. Indurain Miguel - 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
2. Alonso Marino
3. Bernard Jean-françois
4. Delgado Pedro - 1988 : positive control (no penalty)
5. Garmendia Aitor - 1998 : blood test
6. Gorospe Julian - 1984 : positive control
7. Indurain Prudencio
8. Rue Gérard
9. Uriarte José-ramon

CARRERA JEANS-TASSONI

21 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 0,48 per year

11. Chiappucci Claudio - 1993 : police investigation ; 1997 : blood test ; 1997 : blood test
12. Artunghi Marco
13. Chiesa Mario - 1993 : police investigation (no penalty)
14. Poulnikov Vladimir - 1997 : positive control
15. Roche Stephen - 1993 : police investigation
16. Roscioli Fabio
17. Rossi Remo
18. Sorensen Rolf - 199x : confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 1993 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
19. Tafi Andrea - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)

GATORADE-MEGA DRIVE

18 years of existence, 8 cases, ie 0,44 per year

21. Bugno Gianni - 1994 : positive control ; 1997 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : in the act
22. Boscardin Bruno
23. Fidanza Giovanni
24. Fignon Laurent - 1984 : confessions in 2009 (no penalty) ; 1987 : positive control ; 1987 : confessions in 2009 (no penalty) ; 1989 : positive control ; 198x : confessions in 2009 (no penalty)
25. Peron Andrea - 2001 : in the act (no penalty) ; 2004 : in the act (no penalty) ; 2011 : positive control (sanction not known)
26. Rondon Vasquez Abelardo
27. Scirea Mario - 2004 : in the act
28. Tebaldi Valerio
29. Zanatta Stefano

MOTOROLA

31. Hampsten Andrew
32. Anderson Phil - 1983 : positive control
33. Andreu Frankie - 1995 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
34. Armstrong Lance - 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : laboratory inquiry (no penalty)
35. Bauer Steve
36. Dernies Michel
37. Mejia Alvaro - 1987 : positive control
38. Sciandri Maximilian - 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
39. Yates Sean - 1989 : positive control (no penalty)

FESTINA

12 years of existence, 31 cases, ie 2,58 per year

41. Lino Pascal - 1993 : positive control ; 1996 : judicial investigation and confessions (no penalty) ; 1999 : confessions in 1999
42. Dojwa Jean-philippe
43. Gonzalez Arrieta José-ramon
44. Jakobs Gert - 1989 : confessions in 2009 (no penalty) ; 1991 : positive control
45. Marie Thierry
46. Rooks Steven - 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty) ; 1989 : confessions in 1998 & 2009 (no penalty)
47. Van Poppel Jean-paul
48. Vermote Michel
49. Virenque Richard - 1994 : confessions in 2000 ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair (sanction not known) ; 1999 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 1999 : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)

ONCE

18 years of existence, 19 cases, ie 1,06 per year

51. Breukink Erik
52. Bruyneel Johan - 199x : judicial investigation
53. Diaz Zabala Herminio
54. Jalabert Laurent - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
55. Leanizbarrutia Alberto
56. Louviot Philippe
57. Martinez Perez Miguel-angel
58. Stephens Neil - 1998 : analyses sang, urine, cheveux, aveux en 1998 (sanction not known)
59. Zülle Alex - 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)

ZG MOBILI-SIDI

61. Perini Giancarlo - 199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
62. Citterio Giuseppe - 1991 : positive control (sanction not known)
63. Colage Stefano - 2021 : positive control
64. Faresin Gianni - 2000 : blood test (sanction not known)
65. Ghirotto Massimo
66. Mantovan Mario
67. Rodriguez Nelson
68. Sierra Leonardo
69. Van Den Akker John

TELEKOM

71. Ludwig Olaf - 2006 : police investigation
72. Aldag Rolf - 1995 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
73. Audehm Gerd
74. Bolts Udo - 1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
75. Henn Christian - 1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control
76. Heppner Jens - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
77. Holm Brian - 1996 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty) ; 199x : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
78. Kummer Mario - 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
79. Raab Uwe - 1991 : confessions in 1996 (no penalty)

GB-MG MAGLIFICIO

7 years of existence, 8 cases, ie 1,14 per year

81. Ballerini Franco - 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1996 : positive control
82. Bomans Carlo
83. Cipollini Mario - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
84. Jaskula Zenon - 1993 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
85. Museeuw Johan - 2003 : judicial investigation ; 200x : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
86. Peeters Wilfried
87. Pillon Laurent
88. Vanzella Flavio - 1986 : positive control
89. Vona Franco

GAN

67 years of existence, 75 cases, ie 1,12 per year

91. Boyer Eric - 198x : confessions in 2005 (no penalty)
92. Capelle Christophe
93. Casado Philippe
94. Claveyrolat Thierry - 1986 : police control (no penalty)
95. Colotti Jean-claude
96. Duclos-lassalle Gilbert - 1989 : absence to control (no penalty)
97. Lance Pascal
98. Lemarchand François
99. Moreau Francis - 1996 : positive control

TVM-BISON

25 years of existence, 30 cases, ie 1,2 per year

101. Millar Robert - 1992 : positive control ; 199x : confessions (no penalty)
102. Capiot Johan
103. De Vries Gerrit
104. Den Bakker Maarten
105. Hamburger Bo - 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1995 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty) ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known) ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : laboratory inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : positive control ; 2003 : positive control
106. Lauritzen Dag-otto
107. Nelissen Danny - 1996 : confessions in 2013 (no penalty)
108. Skibby Jesper - 1990 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1991 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1992 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
109. Talen John

NOVEMAIL-LASER COMPUTER

2 years of existence, 1 case, ie 0,5 per year

111. Mottet Charly - 198x : confessions in 1989 (no penalty)
112. Bouwmans Eddy
113. Cornillet Bruno
114. Ekimov Viatcheslav
115. Nelissen Wilfried - 1993 : positive control
116. Nulens Guy
117. Pensec Ronan
118. Sergeant Marc - 1983 : positive control ; 1985 : positive control
119. Zdhanov Dimitri

CASTORAMA

24 years of existence, 21 cases, ie 0,88 per year

121. Arnould Dominique
122. Bourguignon Thierry
123. Brochard Laurent - 1991 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1997 : confessions in 2000 (no penalty) ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 ; 1998 : positive control
124. Desbiens Laurent - 1996 : positive control ; 1996 : positive control ; 1996 : positive control ; 1996 : positive control ; 1998 : confessions (sanction not known) ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
125. Durand Jacky - 1996 : positive control ; 1996 : positive control ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
126. Jeker Fabian
127. Madouas Laurent - 1994 : positive control
128. Robin Jean-cyril - 199x : confessions in 2004 (sanction not known)
129. Simon François

CLAS-CAJASTUR

131. Rominger Tony - 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
132. Echave Musatadi Federico - 1995 : positive control (sanction not known)
133. Escartin Fernando
134. Gaston Crespi Inaki
135. Gonzales Arsenio
136. Mauleon Javier
137. Muller Jörg (sui) - 1987 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
138. Olano Abraham - 1994 : positive control ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
139. Unzaga Bombin Jon

WORDPERFECT

141. Alcala Gallegos Raul
142. Ledanois Yvon - 1999 : judicial investigation
143. Maassen Frans
144. Moncassin Frédéric - 199x : confessions in 2000 (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry and confessions in 2013 (no penalty)
145. Mulders Rob
146. Nijdam Jelle
147. Runkel Dieter
148. Van Hooydonck Edwig
149. Vanderaerden Eric

AMAYA SEGUROS

15 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 0,67 per year

151. Mauri Melchior
152. Cordes Tom
153. Cubino Laudelino - 1993 : positive control (sanction not known)
154. Martin Velasco Antonio
155. Martin Martinez Juan-carlos
156. Montoya Alarcon Jesus
157. Murguialday Javier
158. Pedersen Per - 199x : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
159. Rincon Quintana Oliveiro

ARIOSTEA

10 years of existence, 2 cases, ie 0,2 per year

161. Cassani Davide
162. Cenghialta Bruno - 199x : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
163. Conti Roberto - 2002 : in the act
164. Elli Alberto - 2001 : in the act
165. Ferrigato Andrea
166. Jaermann Rolf - 1994 : confessions in 1999 (no penalty)
167. Paletti Michele
168. Riis Bjarne - 198x : confessions in 2010 (no penalty) ; 1993 : confessions in 2007 ; 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
169. Santaromita Mauro-antonio - 1997 : blood test ; 199x : blood test (no penalty)

LOTTO-BELGACOM

40 years of existence, 15 cases, ie 0,38 per year

171. Nevens Jan
172. Baguet Serge
173. De Clercq Peter
174. Farazijn Peter - 199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
175. Frison Herman
176. Roosen Luc
177. Van De Laer Jim
178. Van Slycke Rik - 1988 : positive control
179. Wauters Marc

LAMPRE-POLTI

7 years of existence, 0 cases, ie 0 per year

181. Abdoujaparov Djamolidine - 1989 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control
182. Bortolami Gianluca - 1998 : confessions (sanction not known) ; 1999 : judicial search (sanction not known) ; 2000 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 2003 : positive control
183. Bramati Davide
184. Cortinovis Stefano
185. Lietti Marco
186. Ouchakov Sergueï - 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
187. Spruch Zbigniew
188. Svorada Jan
189. Szerszynski Marek

CHAZAL-VETTA MBK

32 years of existence, 17 cases, ie 0,53 per year

191. Caritoux Eric - 1986 : police control (no penalty)
192. Biondi Laurent - 2005 : police investigation (no penalty)
193. Bourgeot Jean-pierre
194. Chanteur Pascal - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
195. Delphis Jean-pierre
196. Esnault Patrice
197. Kirsipuu Jan - 1993 : positive control (sanction not known)
198. Kozlitine Oleg - 2004 : judicial investigation
199. Pineau Franck

TULIP COMPUTERS

201. Roosen Luc
202. Frison Herman
203. Holm Brian - 1996 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty) ; 199x : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
204. Jentzsch Olaf
205. Lilholt Soren - 199x : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
206. Peiper Allan - 1986 : absence to control ; 1985 : confessions in 2005 (no penalty)
207. Pieters Peter
208. Van De Laer Jim
209. Van Der Poel Adrie - 1983 : positive control ; 1984 : positive control ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)

PDM-CONCORDE

211. Breukink Erik
212. Alcala Gallegos Raul
213. Boden Falk
214. Den Bakker Maarten
215. Earley Martin
216. Kummer Mario - 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
217. Maier Harald
218. Van Aert Jos
219. Van Poppel Jean-paul



See also