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Tour de France 1971 : the real numbers of doping |
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The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.
Teams | Riders | Pinned | Top 10 | Pinned | Podium | Pinned |
MOLTENI | 10 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
MARS-FLANDRIA | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
FERRETTI | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
SONOLOR-LEJEUNE | 10 | 8 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
FAGOR-MERCIER | 10 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
SALVARANI | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
KAS | 10 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
PEUGEOT | 10 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
HOOVER-DE GRIBALDY | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
BIC | 10 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
SCIC | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
GOUDSMIT | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
WERNER | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 130 | 56 | 10 | 9 | 3 | 3 |
Pourcentage | 43% | 90% | 100% |
Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.
Other data :
Ranking source : http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net (31/01/2008)
The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.
The list of participants by team
19 years of existence, 17 cases, ie 0,89 per year
1. Merckx Eddy - 1969 : positive control ; 1973 : positive control ; 1977 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1988 (sanction not known) ; 197x : fraud & confessions (sanction not known)
2. Bruyère Joseph - 1974 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1988 (no penalty)
3. Huysmans Jozef
4. Mintjens Frans
5. Spruyt Jozef
6. Stevens Julien - 1973 : positive control
7. Swerts Roger - 1966 : positive control
8. Van Schil Victor - 1968 : fraud
9. Van Springel Herman - 1966 : positive control
10. Wagtmans Rini - 1971 : positive control
22 years of existence, 28 cases, ie 1,27 per year
11. De Vlaeminck Eric - 1973 : in the act (sanction not known) ; 197x : police investigation (sanction not known)
12. De Vlaeminck Roger - 197x : fraud (sanction not known)
13. Janssens Edward
14. Leman Eric - 1974 : absence to control ; 1974 : positive control
15. Lievens Marc
16. Nassen Pieter
17. Schutz Edy
18. Tabak Tino
19. Vanneste Willy - 1967 : positive control
20. Zoetemelk Joop - 1976 : confessions in 1977 (no penalty) ; 1977 : positive control ; 1978 : confessions in 1979 (no penalty) ; 1979 : positive control ; 1983 : positive control
4 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,75 per year
21. Anni Mario
22. Ballini Roberto
23. Campagnari Pietro
24. Farisato Lino
25. Francioni Wilmo
26. Pettersson Gosta
27. Pettersson Tomas
28. Quintarelli Sandro
29. Simonetti Mauro
30. Van Vlierberghe Albert
18 years of existence, 19 cases, ie 1,06 per year
31. Aimar Lucien - 1966 : positive control ; 1969 : absence to control ; 1969 : positive control ; 1973 : absence to control (sanction not known)
32. Bellone Gilbert - 1966 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1969 : absence to control (sanction not known) ; 1973 : positive control (no penalty)
33. Catieau José - 1967 : positive control ; 1970 : positive control
34. Guyot Bernard - 1968 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1969 : positive control ; 1973 : absence to control
35. Hoban Barry - 1973 : positive control (sanction not known)
36. Mintkiewicz Robert - 1979 : positive control (sanction not known)
37. Riotte Raymond
38. Sanquer Jean-jacques
39. Teirlinck Willy - 1977 : positive control
40. Van Impe Lucien - 1981 : absence to control
45 years of existence, 32 cases, ie 0,71 per year
41. Chappe Georges - 1969 : positive control
42. Cocquery François
43. Delépine Régis - 1975 : positive control
44. Genet Jean-pierre
45. Grelin René
46. Guimard Cyrille - 1970 : positive control ; 1972 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1974 : positive control
47. Peelman Eddy - 1974 : positive control
48. Perin Michel
49. Vianen Gérard - 1971 : positive control ; 1972 : positive control
50. Wolfshohl Rolf - 1968 : positive control (sanction not known)
10 years of existence, 6 cases, ie 0,6 per year
51. Crepaldi Ottavio - 1973 : absence to control
52. Davo Silvano
53. De Pra Tommaso
54. Gualazzini Ercole
55. Guerra Pietro
56. Levati Virginio
57. Mori Primo
58. Motta Gianni - 1966 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1968 : positive control ; 1968 : absence to control (sanction not known) ; 1969 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1971 : positive control
59. Reybrouck Guido - 1966 : positive control ; 1968 : positive control
60. Vandenberghe Georges
22 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 0,45 per year
61. Fuente José-manuel
62. Galdeano Francisco-javier
63. Galdos Francisco
64. Gandarias Andres
65. Jimenez Nemesio
66. Lopez-carril Vicente
67. Manzaneque Jesus - 1974 : positive control ; 1976 : positive control
68. Mascaro Gabriel - 1967 : positive control
69. Uribezubia José-luis
70. Zubero Luis
67 years of existence, 75 cases, ie 1,12 per year
71. Bouloux Robert
72. Bracke Ferdinand - 1972 : positive control (sanction not known)
73. Danguillaume Jean-pierre - 1974 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1978 (no penalty)
74. David Wilfried - 1969 : positive control ; 1972 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1974 : positive control
75. Delisle Raymond - 1968 : positive control ; 1974 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1977 (no penalty)
76. Dumont Jean - 1971 : positive control
77. Godefroot Walter - 1967 : absence to control ; 1973 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1974 : absence to control ; 1974 : positive control
78. Martelozzo Pierre
79. Raymond Christian - 1969 : absence to control
80. Thévenet Bernard - 1976 : 2 positive controls (sanction not known) ; 1977 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1978 (no penalty)
1 year of existence, 2 cases, ie 2 per year
81. Agostinho Joachim - 1969 : positive control ; 1972 : positive control ; 1973 : positive control ; 1977 : positive control
82. Botherel Jacques - 1976 : positive control
83. Daunat Jean-claude - 1971 : positive control ; 1976 : positive control ; 1976 : positive control
84. Fritz Albert
85. Ghisellini Pierre
86. Martinez Mariano - 197x : confessions in 1997 (no penalty) ; 1980 : absence to control (no penalty)
87. Ravaleu Yves - 1971 : positive control ; 1976 : fraud
88. Rivory Pierre
89. Rub Kurt
90. Vidament Jean
8 years of existence, 28 cases, ie 3,5 per year
91. Berland Roland
92. Ducreux Francis - 1967 : positive control
93. Genty Jean-claude - 199x : confessions in 2001 (poitier trial)
94. Grosskost Charly - 1965 : confessions in 1965 ; 1967 : positive control
95. Labourdette Bernard - 1976 : fraud
96. Letort Désiré - 1967 : positive control, confessions in 1997 ; 1967 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1968 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1968 : positive control ; 1969 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1971 : positive control
97. Mortensen Leif - 1972 : positive control (no penalty)
98. Ocana Luis - 1977 : positive control
99. Schleck Johnny
100. Vasseur Alain
11 years of existence, 1 case, ie 0,09 per year
101. Armani Luciano - 1968 : positive control
102. Balmamion Franco - 1968 : positive control (no penalty)
103. Benfatto Attilio
104. Boifava Davide
105. Conti Constantino
106. Michelotto Claudio
107. Paolini Enrico
108. Pella Adriano
109. Vercelli Celestino
110. Zini Paolo
13 years of existence, 5 cases, ie 0,38 per year
111. Benjamins Henk
112. De Koning Mathijs
113. Harings Ger
114. Karstens Gerben - 1969 : positive control ; 1974 : absence to control ; 1974 : fraud
115. Krekels Jan
116. Prinsen Wim
117. Rentmeester Cees
118. Steevens Harry
119. Van Der Vleuten Jos - 1967 : positive control ; 1968 : positive control ; 1968 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1969 : positive control, fraud attempt
120. Van Katwijk Jan
7 years of existence, 1 case, ie 0,14 per year
121. Balague Luis
122. Casas José
123. Diaz Ventura - 1972 : positive control
124. Gomez Lucas José
125. Grande José
126. Lopez Rodriguez Jose-manuel
127. Martos Antonio
128. Santamarina Luis-pedro
129. Tamames Agustin
130. Julia Hernandez Francisco