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Tour de France 1976 : the real numbers of doping |
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The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.
Teams | Riders | Pinned | Top 10 | Pinned | Podium | Pinned |
PEUGEOT-ESSO | 10 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
GITANE-CAMPAGNOLO | 10 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
GAN-MERCIER | 10 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
KAS-CAMPAGNOLO | 10 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
SUPER-SER | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
TI-RALEIGH | 10 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
JOBO-WOLBER-LA FRANCE | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
VELDA-FLANDRIA | 10 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
MIKO-SUPERIA | 10 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
JOLLY CERAMICA | 10 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
LEJEUNE-BP | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
BROOKLYN | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
SCIC-FIAT | 10 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 130 | 56 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 3 |
Pourcentage | 43% | 60% | 100% |
Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.
Other data :
Ranking source : http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net (31/01/2008)
The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.
The list of participants by team
67 years of existence, 75 cases, ie 1,12 per year
1. Thévenet Bernard - 1976 : 2 positive controls (sanction not known) ; 1977 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1978 (no penalty)
2. Béon Patrick - 1975 : confessions in 2008 (no penalty) ; 1976 : confessions in 2002 (no penalty) ; 199x : judicial investigation
3. Bourreau Bernard - 1976 : fraud (sanction not known) ; 1976 : fraud
4. Danguillaume Jean-pierre - 1974 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1978 (no penalty)
5. Delisle Raymond - 1968 : positive control ; 1974 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1977 (no penalty)
6. Esclassan Jacques - 1978 : contrôle positif et aveux en 1978 (no penalty)
7. Molineris Jean-luc
8. Ovion Régis - 1976 : positive control
9. Rouxel Charles - 1975 : absence to control (sanction not known)
10. Sibille Guy - 1976 : positive control ; 1977 : absence to control
24 years of existence, 21 cases, ie 0,88 per year
11. Van Impe Lucien - 1981 : absence to control
12. Arbes Hubert
13. Chalmel André
14. Chassang Jean - 1989 : positive control
15. Dillen René
16. Martin Raymond - 1982 : positive control
17. Meslet Alain - 1978 : positive control (no penalty) ; 198x : confessions in 1981 (no penalty) ; 199x : confessions in 2001 (poitier trial)
18. Mintkiewicz Robert - 1979 : positive control (sanction not known)
19. Teirlinck Willy - 1977 : positive control
20. Vasseur Sylvain - 1972 : positive control (no penalty)
45 years of existence, 32 cases, ie 0,71 per year
21. Poulidor Raymond - 196x : aveux en 1997 et 2016 (no penalty) ; 1966 : absence to control ; 1968 : refusal to submit to control (no penalty)
22. Delépine Régis - 1975 : positive control
23. Genet Jean-pierre
24. Hézard Yves - 1971 : positive control
25. Le Guilloux Maurice - 1973 : positive control
26. Perin Michel
27. Seznec Christian - 1988 : positive control
28. Talbourdet Georges
29. Vianen Gérard - 1971 : positive control ; 1972 : positive control
30. Zoetemelk Joop - 1976 : confessions in 1977 (no penalty) ; 1977 : positive control ; 1978 : confessions in 1979 (no penalty) ; 1979 : positive control ; 1983 : positive control
22 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 0,45 per year
31. Galdos Francisco
32. Garcia Eulalio - 1978 : fraud
33. Lopez-carril Vicente
34. Martinez Heredia Enrique
35. Martins José - 1979 : positive control (sanction not known)
36. Martos Antonio
37. Melero Carlos - 1974 : positive control ; 1977 : positive control
38. Menendez Antonio - 1977 : positive control ; 1979 : positive control (sanction not known)
39. Perurena Domingo - 1971 : positive control ; 1979 : positive control (sanction not known)
40. Pesarrodona José
2 years of existence, 2 cases, ie 1 per year
41. Ocana Luis - 1977 : positive control
42. Berland Roland
43. Casas José
44. Fuchs Josef
45. Greciano Anastasio
46. Lazcano Santiago
47. Manzaneque Jesus - 1974 : positive control ; 1976 : positive control
48. Torres Pedro
49. Uribezubia José-luis
50. Viejo José-luis - 1975 : positive control
20 years of existence, 9 cases, ie 0,45 per year
51. Kuiper Hennie
52. De Cauwer José - 2000 : confessions in 2005 (no penalty)
53. Hoogedoorn Ko
54. Karstens Gerben - 1969 : positive control ; 1974 : absence to control ; 1974 : fraud
55. Knetemann Gerrie - 1974 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1977 : positive control (no penalty)
56. Pronk Hubert
57. Raas Jan
58. Van Den Hoek Aad - 1972 : positive control
59. Van Katwijk Jan
60. Van Katwijk Piet - 1972 : positive control (sanction not known)
4 years of existence, 4 cases, ie 1 per year
61. Romero André - 1975 : positive control
62. Boulas Jacques
63. Bouloux Robert
64. Cigana Alain
65. Corbeau André
66. Dolhats Guy
67. Fin Henri-paul
68. Labourdette Bernard - 1976 : fraud
69. Magni Claude
70. Maingon Guy
22 years of existence, 28 cases, ie 1,27 per year
71. Maertens Freddy - 1974 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1977 : positive control ; 1977 : positive control ; 1977 : positive control ; 1977 : confessions in 1978 (no penalty) ; 1978 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 1986 : positive control (sanction not known)
72. Beyssens Herman
73. Demeyer Marc
74. Loder Eric
75. Pollentier Michel - 1974 : positive control ; 1977 : positive control ; 1978 : fraud
76. Schmid Ivan
77. Tabak Tino
78. Van Springel Herman - 1966 : positive control
79. Van Vlierberghe Albert
80. Verhaegen Frans
3 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 1 per year
81. Laurent Michel
82. Baert Jean-pierre
83. Bellet Maurizio
84. Bolle Thierry
85. Charlier Michel
86. Gutierrez Antoine - 1978 : fraud ; 1979 : positive control
87. Loysch Roger 1 - 1974 : positive control
88. Mathis Hubert - 1982 : positive control
89. Perret Patrick - 1982 : absence to control (sanction not known)
90. Wellens Paul - 1985 : absence to control (sanction not known)
5 years of existence, 2 cases, ie 0,4 per year
91. Bertoglio Fausto
92. Antonini Alessio
93. Battaglin Giovanni - 1975 : positive control ; 1979 : positive control
94. Bergamo Marcello
95. Chinetti Alfredo
96. Fraccaro Simone
97. Gavazzi Pierino - 2004 : judicial investigation
98. Giuliani Donato - 2009 : judicial investigation
99. Knudsen Knud - 1975 : positive control
100. Maggioni Enrico
18 years of existence, 19 cases, ie 1,06 per year
101. Martinez Mariano - 197x : confessions in 1997 (no penalty) ; 1980 : absence to control (no penalty)
102. Bracke Ferdinand - 1972 : positive control (sanction not known)
103. Hauvieux Joël
104. Julien Ferdinand
105. Lalouette Eric
106. Le Denmat Michel
107. Legeay Roger - 1974 : positive control
108. Plet Eugène
109. Schuiten Roy
110. Smet Roland
10 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,3 per year
111. Dewitte Ronald - 1974 : positive control
112. Bellini Giancarlo
113. Borgognoni Luciano
114. De Geest Willy
115. Gualazzini Ercole
116. Lualdi Valerio
117. Osler Marcello
118. Parecchini Aldo
119. Passuello Adriano
120. Van Der Slagmolen Herman
11 years of existence, 1 case, ie 0,09 per year
121. Baronchelli Gianbattista
122. Caverzasi Arnaldo
123. Conati Luciano - 1975 : positive control
124. Grande José
125. Lasa Miguel-maria - 1977 : positive control
126. Panizza Wladimiro
127. Paolini Enrico
128. Riccomi Walter
129. Rota Attilio
130. Vercelli Celestino