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Tour de France 1984 : the real numbers of doping |
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The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.
Teams | Riders | Pinned | Top 10 | Pinned | Podium | Pinned |
RENAULT-ELF | 10 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
REYNOLDS | 10 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
PANASONIC-RALEIGH | 10 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
LA REDOUTE | 10 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
SYSTEME U | 10 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
SKIL-REYDEL-SEM | 10 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
PEUGEOT-SHELL-MICHELIN | 10 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
SPORTING LISBOA-RAPOSEIRA | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
TEKA | 10 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
MONDIAL MOQUETTE-SPLENDOR | 10 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
COOP-HOONVED-ROSSIN | 10 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
CILO-AUFINA | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
KWANTUM HALLEN-DECOSSOL | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
LA VIE CLAIRE-TERRAILLON | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
COLUMBIA-VARTA | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
EUROP DECOR-BOULE D'OR-EDDY MERCKX | 10 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
CARRERA-INOXPRAN | 10 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 170 | 75 | 10 | 9 | 3 | 2 |
Pourcentage | 44% | 90% | 67% |
Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.
Other data :
Ranking source : http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net (31/01/2008)
The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.
The list of participants by team
24 years of existence, 21 cases, ie 0,88 per year
1. Fignon Laurent - 1984 : confessions in 2009 (no penalty) ; 1987 : positive control ; 1987 : confessions in 2009 (no penalty) ; 1989 : positive control ; 198x : confessions in 2009 (no penalty)
2. Barteau Vincent
3. Didier Lucien - 1982 : positive control
4. Gaigne Dominique
5. Jules Pascal
6. Madiot Marc - 198x : confessions in 1987 (no penalty)
7. Madiot Yvon
8. Menthéour Pierre-henri - 1986 : confessions in 1990 ; 1994 : judicial investigation and confessions (no penalty) ; 1997 : judicial investigation
9. Poisson Pascal - 198x : aveux en 2021 (no penalty)
10. Lemond Greg
44 years of existence, 29 cases, ie 0,66 per year
11. Arroyo Angel - 1979 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1982 : positive control
12. Aja Enrique
13. Delgado Pedro - 1988 : positive control (no penalty)
14. Gorospe Julian - 1984 : positive control
15. Greciano Anastasio
16. Hernandez Carlos
17. Hernandez Ubeda Jesus
18. Laguia Martinez José-luis - 1983 : positive control
19. Prieto Celestino
20. Vilamajo Jaime
20 years of existence, 9 cases, ie 0,45 per year
21. Anderson Phil - 1983 : positive control
22. De Keulenaer Ludo - 1992 : fraud & confessions
23. De Rooy Theo - 198x : confessions in 2014 (no penalty)
24. Lubberding Henk
25. Nulens Guy
26. Oosterbosch Bert - 1989 : overdose, dead
27. Planckaert Eddy - 1988 : positive control ; 1991 : confessions in 1998 (no penalty)
28. Veldscholten Gérard
29. Vanderaerden Eric
30. Winnen Peter - 1986 : confessions in 1998 (no penalty)
31. Roche Stephen - 1993 : police investigation
32. Alban Robert - 1981 : positive control
33. Bondue Alain
34. De Wilde Etienne - 1987 : positive control (no penalty)
35. Levavasseur Christian
36. Sherwen Paul
37. Simon Jérôme
38. Simon Régis
39. Vandenbroucke Jean-luc - 1976 : positive control ; 1976 : positive control ; 1976 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1978 : positive control and confessions in 1978 (no penalty)
40. Van Den Haute Ferdi - 1982 : positive control
5 years of existence, 7 cases, ie 1,4 per year
41. Bernaudeau Jean-rené - 1982 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1985 : confessions in 1990 (no penalty) ; 1986 : absence to control (sanction not known)
42. Bonnet Patrick - 1981 : positive control
43. Chappuis André - 1986 : testimony (no penalty)
44. Durant Marc
45. Frebert Yvan
46. Jones Graham
47. Ramirez Ramirez Martin-alonso
48. Rodriguez Jean-françois - 1983 : positive control (sanction not known)
49. Seznec Christian - 1988 : positive control
50. Vincendeau Claude - 1981 : absence to control
8 years of existence, 9 cases, ie 1,13 per year
51. Kelly Sean - 1984 : positive control ; 1988 : positive control
52. Bagot Jean-claude
53. Boyer Jonathan
54. Caritoux Eric - 1986 : police control (no penalty)
55. Clerc Patrick - 1981 : confessions (no penalty) ; 1982 : confessions (no penalty) ; 1982 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1983 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1986 : police investigation (no penalty)
56. Gallopin Guy
57. Grezet Jean-marie
58. Mas Gilles
59. Moerlen Patrick
60. Vichot Frédéric
67 years of existence, 75 cases, ie 1,12 per year
61. Simon Pascal - 1983 : positive control
62. Bossis Jacques - 1983 : positive control
63. Bourreau Bernard - 1976 : fraud (sanction not known) ; 1976 : fraud
64. Brun Frédéric
65. Castaing Francis - 1986 : police investigation ; 1987 : positive control ; 198x : confessions in 1999 (no penalty)
66. Garde Dominique
67. Linard Hubert
68. Millar Robert - 1992 : positive control ; 199x : confessions (no penalty)
69. Peiper Allan - 1986 : absence to control ; 1985 : confessions in 2005 (no penalty)
70. Yates Sean - 1989 : positive control (no penalty)
71. Chagas Martins Marco-antonio - 1979 : positive control
72. Charreard Michel
73. Correia De Resende Eduardo
74. Dithurbide Alain
75. Ferreira Benedito
76. Ferreira Paulo
77. Marta Silva Carlos-alberto
78. Thévenard Patrice
79. Xavier José-antonio
80. Ramos Zeferino Manuel - 2008 : judicial investigation
15 years of existence, 18 cases, ie 1,2 per year
81. Munoz Pedro - 1982 : positive control ; 1984 : positive control
82. Alfonsel Bernardo
83. Coll Antonio - 1981 : positive control
84. Corredor Alvarez Edgar
85. Dejonckheere Noël
86. Dietzen Raimund - 1987 : in the act (sanction not known)
87. Echave Musatadi Federico - 1995 : positive control (sanction not known)
88. Jimenez Bautista José-patrocinio
89. Martens René
90. Urrutibeazcoa Modesto
91. Criquielion Claude - 1985 : positive control (no penalty)
92. De Vos Hendrik - 1987 : positive control (sanction not known)
93. Dhaenens Rudy - 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
94. Matthys Rudy - 1985 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control
95. Rodriguez Francisco - 1981 : positive control (2 times)
96. Rogiers Rudy
97. Van Den Brande Jean-philippe
98. Verlinden Gery - 1986 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control
99. Versluys Patrick - 1987 : positive control (sanction not known)
100. Wilches Tumbia Pablo Emilio - 1991 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1991 : positive control (sanction not known)
45 years of existence, 32 cases, ie 0,71 per year
101. Andersen Kim - 1985 : positive control ; 1985 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1987 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1992 : positive control
102. Bazzo Pierre - 1983 : positive control
103. Beucherie Serge
104. Clère Régis - 1986 : police investigation (no penalty)
105. Chaurin Jean-françois - 1986 : police control (no penalty)
106. Garnier Jean-luc
107. Gauthier Jean-louis
108. Laurent Michel
109. Le Bigaut Pierre - 1982 : absence to control ; 1987 : positive control
110. Moreau Claude
9 years of existence, 2 cases, ie 0,22 per year
111. Breu Beat - 1979 : positive control
112. Bolle Thierry
113. Demierre Serge
114. Ferretti Antonio
115. Gavillet Bernard - 198x : confessions (sanction not known)
116. Glaus Gilbert - 1978 : positive control (no penalty)
117. Maechler Erich
118. Russenberger Marcel
119. Thalmann Julius
120. Zimmermann Urs
40 years of existence, 24 cases, ie 0,6 per year
121. Zoetemelk Joop - 1976 : confessions in 1977 (no penalty) ; 1977 : positive control ; 1978 : confessions in 1979 (no penalty) ; 1979 : positive control ; 1983 : positive control
122. Hanegraaf Jaak
123. Kuiper Hennie
124. Manders Henri
125. Peeters Ludo
126. Raas Jan
127. Van Der Poel Adrie - 1983 : positive control ; 1984 : positive control ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
128. Van Houwelingen Adrie
129. Van Vliet Leo
130. Wijnands Adrie
8 years of existence, 8 cases, ie 1 per year
131. Hinault Bernard - 1982 : absence to control (no penalty)
132. Arnaud Dominique
133. Bérard Charly - 1978 : positive control ; 1987 : positive control
134. Jourdan Christian - 1980 : positive control
135. Le Guilloux Maurice - 1973 : positive control
136. Leleu Philippe
137. Rault Jean-françois
138. Ruttimann Niki
139. Vallet Bernard - 1982 : absence to control
140. Vigneron Alain
141. Herrera Luis
142. Acevedo Porras Rafael-antonik
143. Agudelo Gomez Jose-antonio
144. Cabrera Samuel - 2004 : positive control ; 2008 : positive control
145. Cardenas Espitia Manuel
146. Corredor Fonseca Israel
147. Florez Ortiz Alfonso - 1981 : positive control
148. Loiaza Martinez Herman
149. Lopez Alfonso
150. Rios Abelardo
151. De Wolf Alfons
152. Dierickx Marc
153. Govaerts Luc
154. Haghedooren Paul - 1988 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1990 : positive control (no penalty)
155. Hoste Frank
156. Knetemann Gerrie - 1974 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1977 : positive control (no penalty)
157. Maier Harald
158. Sergeant Marc - 1983 : positive control ; 1985 : positive control
159. Somers Marc - 1983 : positive control (sanction not known)
160. Wayenberg Dirk
21 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 0,48 per year
161. Battaglin Giovanni - 1975 : positive control ; 1979 : positive control
162. Fraccaro Simone
163. Lang Czeslaw
164. Leali Bruno - 2010 : police investigation
165. Loro Luciano
166. Lualdi Valerio
167. Perini Giancarlo - 199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
168. Santoni Glauco
169. Tonon Carlo
170. Visentini Roberto - 1988 : absence to control