![]() |
Tour de France 1985 : the real numbers of doping |
![]() |
The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.
Teams | Riders | Pinned | Top 10 | Pinned | Podium | Pinned |
RENAULT-ELF | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
LA VIE CLAIRE | 10 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
PEUGEOT-SHELL | 10 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
SKIL | 10 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
REYNOLDS | 10 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
FAGOR | 10 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
HITACHI-SUNAIR-SPLENDOR | 10 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
PANASONIC-RALEIGH | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
CAFE DE COLOMBIA-VARTA-MAVIC | 10 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
CARRERA-INOXPRAN | 10 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
LA REDOUTE | 10 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
KWANTUM-DECOSOL | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
ZOR-NOVOTEL | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
LOTTO | 10 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
VERANDALUX-NISSAN | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
SEAT-ORBEA | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
SANTINI-SELLE ITALIA | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
TONISSTEINER | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 180 | 61 | 10 | 4 | 3 | 1 |
Pourcentage | 34% | 40% | 33% |
Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.
Other data :
Ranking source : www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net (31/01/2008)
The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.
The list of participants by team
24 years of existence, 21 cases, ie 0,88 per year
1. Chevallier Philippe
2. Gaigne Dominique
3. Gayant Martial
4. Lavainne Christophe
5. Madiot Marc - 198x : confessions in 1987 (no penalty)
6. Madiot Yvon
7. Marie Thierry
8. Mottet Charly - 198x : confessions in 1989 (no penalty)
9. Poisson Pascal - 198x : aveux en 2021 (no penalty)
10. Roux Denis
8 years of existence, 8 cases, ie 1 per year
11. Hinault Bernard - 1982 : absence to control (no penalty)
12. Andersen Kim - 1985 : positive control ; 1985 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1987 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1992 : positive control
13. Arnaud Dominique
14. Bauer Steve
15. Gomez Marc - 198x : confessions in 1983 (no penalty)
16. Jourdan Christian - 1980 : positive control
17. Lemond Greg
18. Ruttimann Niki
19. Vallet Bernard - 1982 : absence to control
20. Vigneron Alain
67 years of existence, 75 cases, ie 1,12 per year
21. Millar Robert - 1992 : positive control ; 199x : confessions (no penalty)
22. Brun Frédéric
23. Castaing Francis - 1986 : police investigation ; 1987 : positive control ; 198x : confessions in 1999 (no penalty)
24. Duclos-lassalle Gilbert - 1989 : absence to control (no penalty)
25. Forest Robert
26. Frebert Yvan
27. Linard Hubert
28. Peiper Allan - 1986 : absence to control ; 1985 : confessions in 2005 (no penalty)
29. Simon Pascal - 1983 : positive control
30. Yates Sean - 1989 : positive control (no penalty)
31. Kelly Sean - 1984 : positive control ; 1988 : positive control
32. Bittinger René
33. Caritoux Eric - 1986 : police control (no penalty)
34. Gallopin Guy
35. Garde Dominique
36. Mas Gilles
37. Pelier Joël - 1988 : positive control
38. Poissonnier Philippe - 1984 : positive control ; 1989 : border control
39. Van Meer Jacques
40. Vichot Frédéric
43 years of existence, 29 cases, ie 0,67 per year
41. Aja Enrique
42. Chozas Eduardo
43. Gaston Crespi Inaki
44. Gonzalez Salvador Eduardo
45. Hernandez Carlos
46. Hernandez Ubeda Jesus
47. Indurain Miguel - 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
48. Laguia Martinez José-luis - 1983 : positive control
49. Navarro Fuster Francisco
50. Prieto Celestino
5 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,6 per year
51. Munoz Pedro - 1982 : positive control ; 1984 : positive control
52. Bagot Jean-claude
53. Bazzo Pierre - 1983 : positive control
54. Bernaudeau Jean-rené - 1982 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1985 : confessions in 1990 (no penalty) ; 1986 : absence to control (sanction not known)
55. Bibollet Michel
56. De Wolf Alfons
57. Earley Martin
58. Emonds Nico - 1990 : positive control ; 1995 : positive control
59. Lauraire Philippe
60. Lemarchand François
15 years of existence, 7 cases, ie 0,47 per year
61. Criquielion Claude - 1985 : positive control (no penalty)
62. Biondi Laurent - 2005 : police investigation (no penalty)
63. De Vos Hendrik - 1987 : positive control (sanction not known)
64. Dhaenens Rudy - 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
65. Matthys Rudy - 1985 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control
66. Rogiers Rudy
67. Thurau Dietrich - 1980 : absence to control ; 1980 : positive control ; 1980 : positive control and fraud (no penalty) ; 1980 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1986 : in the act ; 1987 : positive control ; 198x : confessions in 1988 (no penalty)
68. Toelen Patrick
69. Van Den Brande Jean-philippe
70. Wampers Jean-marie - 1986 : positive control (sanction not known)
20 years of existence, 9 cases, ie 0,45 per year
71. Anderson Phil - 1983 : positive control
72. De Keulenaer Ludo - 1992 : fraud & confessions
73. De Rooy Theo - 198x : confessions in 2014 (no penalty)
74. Lammerts Johan
75. Lubberding Henk
76. Nulens Guy
77. Rooks Steven - 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty) ; 1989 : confessions in 1998 & 2009 (no penalty)
78. Vanderaerden Eric
79. Veldscholten Gérard
80. Winnen Peter - 1986 : confessions in 1998 (no penalty)
6 years of existence, 1 case, ie 0,17 per year
81. Herrera Luis
82. Acevedo Porras Rafael-antonik
83. Agudelo Gomez Jose-antonio
84. Arango Rogelio
85. Jaramillo Meza Carlos-maria
86. Loiaza Martinez Herman
87. Montoya Reynel - 1991 : positive control (sanction not known)
88. Mora Zarate Nestor
89. Parra Fabio
90. Wilches Tumbia Pablo Emilio - 1991 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1991 : positive control (sanction not known)
91. Visentini Roberto - 1988 : absence to control
92. Bontempi Guido - 1987 : positive control
93. Breu Beat - 1979 : positive control
94. Lang Czeslaw
95. Leali Bruno - 2010 : police investigation
96. Maechler Erich
97. Mutter Stefan
98. Pedersen Jorgen-vagn
99. Perini Giancarlo - 199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
100. Santoni Glauco
101. Roche Stephen
102. Bondue Alain
103. Claveyrolat Thierry - 1986 : police control (no penalty)
104. Gauthier Jean-louis
105. Le Bigaut Pierre - 1982 : absence to control ; 1987 : positive control
106. Sherwen Paul
107. Simon Jérôme
108. Simon Régis
109. Vandenbroucke Jean-luc - 1976 : positive control ; 1976 : positive control ; 1976 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1978 : positive control and confessions in 1978 (no penalty)
110. Van Den Haute Ferdi - 1982 : positive control
39 years of existence, 24 cases, ie 0,62 per year
111. Zoetemelk Joop - 1976 : confessions in 1977 (no penalty) ; 1977 : positive control ; 1978 : confessions in 1979 (no penalty) ; 1979 : positive control ; 1983 : positive control
112. Ducrot Maarten - 1982 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known) ; 1990 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
113. Manders Henri
114. Nijdam Jelle
115. Peeters Ludo
116. Shapiro Douglas Craig
117. Solleveld Gerrit
118. Van Der Poel Adrie - 1983 : positive control ; 1984 : positive control ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
119. Van Vliet Leo
120. Wijnands Adrie
121. Arroyo Angel - 1979 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1982 : positive control
122. Durant Marc
123. Fernandez Juan
124. Fuerte Abelenda Anselmo
125. Ibanez Loyo Jesus-ignacio
126. Pieters Peter
127. Pino Counago Alvaro
128. Rodriguez Pacho - 1991 : positive control (sanction not known)
129. Rodriguez Magro Jesus
130. Ruperez Faustino
39 years of existence, 14 cases, ie 0,36 per year
131. Lieckens Jozef
132. Baeyens Jan
133. Dernies Michel
134. Godimus Yves
135. Haghedooren Paul - 1988 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1990 : positive control (no penalty)
136. Mckenzie Eric - 1982 : positive control
137. Onnockx Patrick
138. Schepers Eddy - 1983 : positive control (sanction not known)
139. Sergeant Marc - 1983 : positive control ; 1985 : positive control
140. Van Eynde Willem
141. Kuiper Hennie
142. Bogaert Jan
143. De Beule Etienne
144. Demol Dirk
145. Jacobs Jozef
146. Luyten Louis
147. Van Houwelingen Adrie
148. Van Houwelingen Jan
149. Van Vliet Teun
150. Verlinden Gery - 1986 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control
12 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,25 per year
151. Delgado Pedro - 1988 : positive control (no penalty)
152. Del Ramo José
153. Greciano Anastasio
154. Ibanez Escribano Jeronimo
155. Mujika Aramburu Jokin
156. Murga Imanol
157. Otin Luis-vicente
158. Ruiz Cabestany Pello
159. Sanchis Tormo Jose-salvador
160. Zuniga Carrasco Ricardo
41 years of existence, 16 cases, ie 0,39 per year
161. Van Impe Lucien - 1981 : absence to control
162. Bressan Roberto
163. Caroli Daniele
164. Cassani Davide
165. Cerri Claudio
166. Fasolo Claudio
167. Festa Elio
168. Gambirasio Patrizio
169. Pavanello Giuliano
170. Ronchiato Mario
171. Wellens Paul - 1985 : absence to control (sanction not known)
172. Lurquin André
173. Morjean Stefan
174. Patry Rudy
175. Segers Noël
176. Van Brabant Benny
177. Wallays Luc
178. Wijnants Jan
179. Wijnants Ludwig - 1985 : positive control
180. Wouters Aloïs