Tour de France 1985 : the real numbers of doping

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Last update : 30/06/2022

Statistics

The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.

Teams Riders Pinned Top 10 Pinned Podium Pinned
RENAULT-ELF 10 3 0 0 0 0
LA VIE CLAIRE 10 5 3 1 2 1
PEUGEOT-SHELL 10 6 0 0 0 0
SKIL 10 4 1 1 0 0
REYNOLDS 10 2 1 0 0 0
FAGOR 10 4 0 0 0 0
HITACHI-SUNAIR-SPLENDOR 10 7 0 0 0 0
PANASONIC-RALEIGH 10 5 1 1 0 0
CAFE DE COLOMBIA-VARTA-MAVIC 10 2 2 0 0 0
CARRERA-INOXPRAN 10 5 0 0 0 0
LA REDOUTE 10 4 1 0 1 0
KWANTUM-DECOSOL 10 3 0 0 0 0
ZOR-NOVOTEL 10 2 0 0 0 0
LOTTO 10 4 0 0 0 0
VERANDALUX-NISSAN 10 1 0 0 0 0
SEAT-ORBEA 10 1 1 1 0 0
SANTINI-SELLE ITALIA 10 1 0 0 0 0
TONISSTEINER 10 2 0 0 0 0
Total 180 61 10 4 3 1
Pourcentage 34% 40% 33%

Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.

Other data :



The official ranking

Ranking source : www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net (31/01/2008)

  1. Hinault Bernard in 113h24'23'' - 1982 : absence to control (no penalty)
  2. Lemond Greg at 0h01'42''
  3. Roche Stephen at 0h04'29''
  4. Kelly Sean at 0h06'26'' - 1984 : positive control ; 1988 : positive control
  5. Anderson Phil at 0h07'44'' - 1983 : positive control
  6. Delgado Pedro at 0h11'53'' - 1988 : positive control (no penalty)
  7. Herrera Luis at 0h12'53''
  8. Parra Fabio at 0h13'35''
  9. Chozas Eduardo at 0h13'56''
  10. Bauer Steve at 0h14'57''
  11. Millar Robert at 0h15'10'' - 1992 : positive control ; 199x : confessions (no penalty)
  12. Zoetemelk Joop at 0h15'24'' - 1976 : confessions in 1977 (no penalty) ; 1977 : positive control ; 1978 : confessions in 1979 (no penalty) ; 1979 : positive control ; 1983 : positive control
  13. Ruttimann Niki at 0h16'02''
  14. Schepers Eddy at 0h16'13'' - 1983 : positive control (sanction not known)
  15. Winnen Peter at 0h17'35'' - 1986 : confessions in 1998 (no penalty)
  16. Forest Robert at 0h17'45''
  17. Prieto Celestino at 0h19'48''
  18. Criquielion Claude at 0h21'12'' - 1985 : positive control (no penalty)
  19. Pino Counago Alvaro at 0h21'35''
  20. Simon Pascal at 0h23'30'' - 1983 : positive control
  21. Bazzo Pierre at 0h23'36'' - 1983 : positive control
  22. Arnaud Dominique at 0h26'28''
  23. Breu Beat at 0h29'42'' - 1979 : positive control
  24. Simon Jérôme at 0h32'52''
  25. Rooks Steven at 0h33'21'' - 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty) ; 1989 : confessions in 1998 & 2009 (no penalty)
  26. Madiot Marc at 0h33'58'' - 198x : confessions in 1987 (no penalty)
  27. Van Impe Lucien at 0h34'16'' - 1981 : absence to control
  28. Veldscholten Gérard at 0h00'44''
  29. Claveyrolat Thierry at 0h39'16'' - 1986 : police control (no penalty)
  30. Rodriguez Magro Jesus at 0h39'38''
  31. Vichot Frédéric at 0h40'02''
  32. Wellens Paul at 0h40'20'' - 1985 : absence to control (sanction not known)
  33. Haghedooren Paul at 0h40'37'' - 1988 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1990 : positive control (no penalty)
  34. Caritoux Eric at 0h41'53'' - 1986 : police control (no penalty)
  35. Garde Dominique at 0h42'26''
  36. Mottet Charly at 0h42'57'' - 198x : confessions in 1989 (no penalty)
  37. Mas Gilles at 0h45'10''
  38. Gaston Crespi Inaki at 0h45'53''
  39. Ruperez Faustino at 0h46'12''
  40. Van Den Brande Jean-philippe at 0h48'36''
  41. Montoya Reynel at 0h48'46'' - 1991 : positive control (sanction not known)
  42. Poisson Pascal at 0h53'41'' - 198x : aveux en 2021 (no penalty)
  43. Acevedo Porras Rafael-antonik at 0h54'12''
  44. Vigneron Alain at 0h55'45''
  45. Mujika Aramburu Jokin at 0h55'54''
  46. Vallet Bernard at 0h59'50'' - 1982 : absence to control
  47. Andersen Kim at 1h00'32'' - 1985 : positive control ; 1985 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1987 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1992 : positive control
  48. Peeters Ludo at 1h01'55''
  49. Visentini Roberto at 1h03'08'' - 1988 : absence to control
  50. Pedersen Jorgen-vagn at 1h05'42''
  51. Van Der Poel Adrie at 1h07'29'' - 1983 : positive control ; 1984 : positive control ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
  52. Wijnants Jan at 1h08'23''
  53. Biondi Laurent at 1h08'37'' - 2005 : police investigation (no penalty)
  54. Ruiz Cabestany Pello at 1h12'06''
  55. Van Meer Jacques at 1h12'41''
  56. Roux Denis at 1h14'26''
  57. Chevallier Philippe at 1h15'19''
  58. De Vos Hendrik at 1h16'32'' - 1987 : positive control (sanction not known)
  59. Sergeant Marc at 1h19'10'' - 1983 : positive control ; 1985 : positive control
  60. Earley Martin at 1h20'36''
  61. Duclos-lassalle Gilbert at 1h20'56'' - 1989 : absence to control (no penalty)
  62. Aja Enrique at 1h24'23''
  63. Wijnants Ludwig at 1h24'36'' - 1985 : positive control
  64. Durant Marc at 1h25'07''
  65. Bagot Jean-claude at 1h25'37''
  66. Loiaza Martinez Herman at 1h26'42''
  67. Marie Thierry at 1h27'50''
  68. Frebert Yvan at 1h30'51''
  69. Gauthier Jean-louis at 1h31'08''
  70. Rogiers Rudy at 1h33'38''
  71. Jourdan Christian at 1h34'31'' - 1980 : positive control
  72. Madiot Yvon at 1h35'55''
  73. Jaramillo Meza Carlos-maria at 1h38'52''
  74. Shapiro Douglas Craig at 1h39'34''
  75. Lammerts Johan at 1h40'12''
  76. Hernandez Carlos at 1h40'27''
  77. Bittinger René at 1h40'32''
  78. Pelier Joël at 1h43'33'' - 1988 : positive control
  79. Van Vliet Leo at 1h44'10''
  80. De Rooy Theo at 1h48'22'' - 198x : confessions in 2014 (no penalty)
  81. Lemarchand François at 1h50'40''
  82. Lubberding Henk at 1h51'48''
  83. Greciano Anastasio at 1h53'27''
  84. Ducrot Maarten at 1h53'57'' - 1982 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known) ; 1990 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
  85. Hernandez Ubeda Jesus at 1h54'13''
  86. Peiper Allan at 1h56'54'' - 1986 : absence to control ; 1985 : confessions in 2005 (no penalty)
  87. Vanderaerden Eric at 1h58'36''
  88. Van Houwelingen Adrie at 1h59'32''
  89. Lang Czeslaw at 2h00'49''
  90. Poissonnier Philippe at 2h00'50'' - 1984 : positive control ; 1989 : border control
  91. Manders Henri at 2h01'41''
  92. Le Bigaut Pierre at 2h01'53'' - 1982 : absence to control ; 1987 : positive control
  93. Van Eynde Willem at 2h01'55''
  94. Murga Imanol at 2h02'13''
  95. Festa Elio at 2h02'21''
  96. Dernies Michel at 2h05'54''
  97. Fasolo Claudio at 2h05'55''
  98. Linard Hubert at 2h06'57''
  99. Gomez Marc at 2h07'06'' - 198x : confessions in 1983 (no penalty)
  100. Simon Régis at 2h09'03''
  101. Dhaenens Rudy at 2h09'23'' - 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
  102. Gallopin Guy
  103. Wouters Aloïs at 2h09'36''
  104. Van Houwelingen Jan at 2h10'30''
  105. Perini Giancarlo at 2h10'40'' - 199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
  106. Wijnands Adrie at 2h11'08''
  107. Otin Luis-vicente at 2h12'00''
  108. Toelen Patrick at 2h12'21''
  109. Fuerte Abelenda Anselmo at 2h12'22''
  110. Solleveld Gerrit at 2h12'32''
  111. Patry Rudy at 2h16'46''
  112. Bontempi Guido at 2h17'15'' - 1987 : positive control
  113. Nulens Guy at 2h19'40''
  114. Maechler Erich at 2h20'15''
  115. Nijdam Jelle at 2h21'39''
  116. Gaigne Dominique at 2h23'23''
  117. Wampers Jean-marie at 2h24'59'' - 1986 : positive control (sanction not known)
  118. Mora Zarate Nestor at 2h28'21''
  119. Van Den Haute Ferdi at 2h28'54'' - 1982 : positive control
  120. Segers Noël at 2h36'25''
  121. Bondue Alain at 2h37'06''
  122. Yates Sean at 2h37'36'' - 1989 : positive control (no penalty)
  123. Lurquin André at 2h38'04''
  124. Jacobs Jozef at 2h38'54''
  125. Del Ramo José at 2h39'40''
  126. De Keulenaer Ludo at 2h39'52'' - 1992 : fraud & confessions
  127. Mckenzie Eric at 2h40'41'' - 1982 : positive control
  128. Sanchis Tormo Jose-salvador at 2h41'38''
  129. Van Brabant Benny at 2h48'15''
  130. Lieckens Jozef at 2h48'15''
  131. De Beule Etienne at 2h51'18''
  132. Castaing Francis at 2h57'08'' - 1986 : police investigation ; 1987 : positive control ; 198x : confessions in 1999 (no penalty)
  133. Bibollet Michel at 3h00'29''
  134. Brun Frédéric at 3h01'30''
  135. Matthys Rudy at 3h03'13'' - 1985 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control
  136. Baeyens Jan at 3h09'36''
  137. Bogaert Jan at 3h11'35''
  138. Lauraire Philippe at 3h15'00''
  139. Pavanello Giuliano at 3h16'40''
  140. Pieters Peter at 3h25'44''
  141. Sherwen Paul at 3h28'13''
  142. Onnockx Patrick at 3h29'25''
  143. Bressan Roberto at 3h45'20''
  144. Ronchiato Mario at 4h13'48''



The alternative ranking

The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.

  1. Lemond Greg
  2. Roche Stephen
  3. Herrera Luis
  4. Parra Fabio
  5. Chozas Eduardo
  6. Bauer Steve
  7. Ruttimann Niki
  8. Forest Robert
  9. Prieto Celestino
  10. Pino Counago Alvaro
  11. Arnaud Dominique
  12. Simon Jérôme
  13. Veldscholten Gérard
  14. Rodriguez Magro Jesus
  15. Vichot Frédéric
  16. Garde Dominique
  17. Mas Gilles
  18. Gaston Crespi Inaki
  19. Ruperez Faustino
  20. Van Den Brande Jean-philippe
  21. Acevedo Porras Rafael-antonik
  22. Vigneron Alain
  23. Mujika Aramburu Jokin
  24. Peeters Ludo
  25. Pedersen Jorgen-vagn
  26. Wijnants Jan
  27. Ruiz Cabestany Pello
  28. Van Meer Jacques
  29. Roux Denis
  30. Chevallier Philippe
  31. Earley Martin
  32. Aja Enrique
  33. Durant Marc
  34. Bagot Jean-claude
  35. Loiaza Martinez Herman
  36. Marie Thierry
  37. Frebert Yvan
  38. Gauthier Jean-louis
  39. Rogiers Rudy
  40. Madiot Yvon
  41. Jaramillo Meza Carlos-maria
  42. Shapiro Douglas Craig
  43. Lammerts Johan
  44. Hernandez Carlos
  45. Bittinger René
  46. Van Vliet Leo
  47. Lemarchand François
  48. Lubberding Henk
  49. Greciano Anastasio
  50. Hernandez Ubeda Jesus
  51. Vanderaerden Eric
  52. Van Houwelingen Adrie
  53. Lang Czeslaw
  54. Manders Henri
  55. Van Eynde Willem
  56. Murga Imanol
  57. Festa Elio
  58. Dernies Michel
  59. Fasolo Claudio
  60. Linard Hubert
  61. Simon Régis
  62. Gallopin Guy
  63. Wouters Aloïs
  64. Van Houwelingen Jan
  65. Wijnands Adrie
  66. Otin Luis-vicente
  67. Toelen Patrick
  68. Fuerte Abelenda Anselmo
  69. Solleveld Gerrit
  70. Patry Rudy
  71. Nulens Guy
  72. Maechler Erich
  73. Nijdam Jelle
  74. Gaigne Dominique
  75. Mora Zarate Nestor
  76. Segers Noël
  77. Bondue Alain
  78. Lurquin André
  79. Jacobs Jozef
  80. Del Ramo José
  81. Sanchis Tormo Jose-salvador
  82. Van Brabant Benny
  83. Lieckens Jozef
  84. De Beule Etienne
  85. Bibollet Michel
  86. Brun Frédéric
  87. Baeyens Jan
  88. Bogaert Jan
  89. Lauraire Philippe
  90. Pavanello Giuliano
  91. Pieters Peter
  92. Sherwen Paul
  93. Onnockx Patrick
  94. Bressan Roberto
  95. Ronchiato Mario



The list of participants

The list of participants by team

RENAULT-ELF

24 years of existence, 21 cases, ie 0,88 per year

1. Chevallier Philippe
2. Gaigne Dominique
3. Gayant Martial
4. Lavainne Christophe
5. Madiot Marc - 198x : confessions in 1987 (no penalty)
6. Madiot Yvon
7. Marie Thierry
8. Mottet Charly - 198x : confessions in 1989 (no penalty)
9. Poisson Pascal - 198x : aveux en 2021 (no penalty)
10. Roux Denis

LA VIE CLAIRE

8 years of existence, 8 cases, ie 1 per year

11. Hinault Bernard - 1982 : absence to control (no penalty)
12. Andersen Kim - 1985 : positive control ; 1985 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1987 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1992 : positive control
13. Arnaud Dominique
14. Bauer Steve
15. Gomez Marc - 198x : confessions in 1983 (no penalty)
16. Jourdan Christian - 1980 : positive control
17. Lemond Greg
18. Ruttimann Niki
19. Vallet Bernard - 1982 : absence to control
20. Vigneron Alain

PEUGEOT-SHELL

67 years of existence, 75 cases, ie 1,12 per year

21. Millar Robert - 1992 : positive control ; 199x : confessions (no penalty)
22. Brun Frédéric
23. Castaing Francis - 1986 : police investigation ; 1987 : positive control ; 198x : confessions in 1999 (no penalty)
24. Duclos-lassalle Gilbert - 1989 : absence to control (no penalty)
25. Forest Robert
26. Frebert Yvan
27. Linard Hubert
28. Peiper Allan - 1986 : absence to control ; 1985 : confessions in 2005 (no penalty)
29. Simon Pascal - 1983 : positive control
30. Yates Sean - 1989 : positive control (no penalty)

SKIL

31. Kelly Sean - 1984 : positive control ; 1988 : positive control
32. Bittinger René
33. Caritoux Eric - 1986 : police control (no penalty)
34. Gallopin Guy
35. Garde Dominique
36. Mas Gilles
37. Pelier Joël - 1988 : positive control
38. Poissonnier Philippe - 1984 : positive control ; 1989 : border control
39. Van Meer Jacques
40. Vichot Frédéric

REYNOLDS

43 years of existence, 29 cases, ie 0,67 per year

41. Aja Enrique
42. Chozas Eduardo
43. Gaston Crespi Inaki
44. Gonzalez Salvador Eduardo
45. Hernandez Carlos
46. Hernandez Ubeda Jesus
47. Indurain Miguel - 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
48. Laguia Martinez José-luis - 1983 : positive control
49. Navarro Fuster Francisco
50. Prieto Celestino

FAGOR

5 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,6 per year

51. Munoz Pedro - 1982 : positive control ; 1984 : positive control
52. Bagot Jean-claude
53. Bazzo Pierre - 1983 : positive control
54. Bernaudeau Jean-rené - 1982 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1985 : confessions in 1990 (no penalty) ; 1986 : absence to control (sanction not known)
55. Bibollet Michel
56. De Wolf Alfons
57. Earley Martin
58. Emonds Nico - 1990 : positive control ; 1995 : positive control
59. Lauraire Philippe
60. Lemarchand François

HITACHI-SUNAIR-SPLENDOR

15 years of existence, 7 cases, ie 0,47 per year

61. Criquielion Claude - 1985 : positive control (no penalty)
62. Biondi Laurent - 2005 : police investigation (no penalty)
63. De Vos Hendrik - 1987 : positive control (sanction not known)
64. Dhaenens Rudy - 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
65. Matthys Rudy - 1985 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control
66. Rogiers Rudy
67. Thurau Dietrich - 1980 : absence to control ; 1980 : positive control ; 1980 : positive control and fraud (no penalty) ; 1980 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1986 : in the act ; 1987 : positive control ; 198x : confessions in 1988 (no penalty)
68. Toelen Patrick
69. Van Den Brande Jean-philippe
70. Wampers Jean-marie - 1986 : positive control (sanction not known)

PANASONIC-RALEIGH

20 years of existence, 9 cases, ie 0,45 per year

71. Anderson Phil - 1983 : positive control
72. De Keulenaer Ludo - 1992 : fraud & confessions
73. De Rooy Theo - 198x : confessions in 2014 (no penalty)
74. Lammerts Johan
75. Lubberding Henk
76. Nulens Guy
77. Rooks Steven - 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty) ; 1989 : confessions in 1998 & 2009 (no penalty)
78. Vanderaerden Eric
79. Veldscholten Gérard
80. Winnen Peter - 1986 : confessions in 1998 (no penalty)

CAFE DE COLOMBIA-VARTA-MAVIC

6 years of existence, 1 case, ie 0,17 per year

81. Herrera Luis
82. Acevedo Porras Rafael-antonik
83. Agudelo Gomez Jose-antonio
84. Arango Rogelio
85. Jaramillo Meza Carlos-maria
86. Loiaza Martinez Herman
87. Montoya Reynel - 1991 : positive control (sanction not known)
88. Mora Zarate Nestor
89. Parra Fabio
90. Wilches Tumbia Pablo Emilio - 1991 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1991 : positive control (sanction not known)

CARRERA-INOXPRAN

91. Visentini Roberto - 1988 : absence to control
92. Bontempi Guido - 1987 : positive control
93. Breu Beat - 1979 : positive control
94. Lang Czeslaw
95. Leali Bruno - 2010 : police investigation
96. Maechler Erich
97. Mutter Stefan
98. Pedersen Jorgen-vagn
99. Perini Giancarlo - 199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
100. Santoni Glauco

LA REDOUTE

101. Roche Stephen
102. Bondue Alain
103. Claveyrolat Thierry - 1986 : police control (no penalty)
104. Gauthier Jean-louis
105. Le Bigaut Pierre - 1982 : absence to control ; 1987 : positive control
106. Sherwen Paul
107. Simon Jérôme
108. Simon Régis
109. Vandenbroucke Jean-luc - 1976 : positive control ; 1976 : positive control ; 1976 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1978 : positive control and confessions in 1978 (no penalty)
110. Van Den Haute Ferdi - 1982 : positive control

KWANTUM-DECOSOL

39 years of existence, 24 cases, ie 0,62 per year

111. Zoetemelk Joop - 1976 : confessions in 1977 (no penalty) ; 1977 : positive control ; 1978 : confessions in 1979 (no penalty) ; 1979 : positive control ; 1983 : positive control
112. Ducrot Maarten - 1982 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known) ; 1990 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
113. Manders Henri
114. Nijdam Jelle
115. Peeters Ludo
116. Shapiro Douglas Craig
117. Solleveld Gerrit
118. Van Der Poel Adrie - 1983 : positive control ; 1984 : positive control ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
119. Van Vliet Leo
120. Wijnands Adrie

ZOR-NOVOTEL

121. Arroyo Angel - 1979 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1982 : positive control
122. Durant Marc
123. Fernandez Juan
124. Fuerte Abelenda Anselmo
125. Ibanez Loyo Jesus-ignacio
126. Pieters Peter
127. Pino Counago Alvaro
128. Rodriguez Pacho - 1991 : positive control (sanction not known)
129. Rodriguez Magro Jesus
130. Ruperez Faustino

LOTTO

39 years of existence, 14 cases, ie 0,36 per year

131. Lieckens Jozef
132. Baeyens Jan
133. Dernies Michel
134. Godimus Yves
135. Haghedooren Paul - 1988 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1990 : positive control (no penalty)
136. Mckenzie Eric - 1982 : positive control
137. Onnockx Patrick
138. Schepers Eddy - 1983 : positive control (sanction not known)
139. Sergeant Marc - 1983 : positive control ; 1985 : positive control
140. Van Eynde Willem

VERANDALUX-NISSAN

141. Kuiper Hennie
142. Bogaert Jan
143. De Beule Etienne
144. Demol Dirk
145. Jacobs Jozef
146. Luyten Louis
147. Van Houwelingen Adrie
148. Van Houwelingen Jan
149. Van Vliet Teun
150. Verlinden Gery - 1986 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control

SEAT-ORBEA

12 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,25 per year

151. Delgado Pedro - 1988 : positive control (no penalty)
152. Del Ramo José
153. Greciano Anastasio
154. Ibanez Escribano Jeronimo
155. Mujika Aramburu Jokin
156. Murga Imanol
157. Otin Luis-vicente
158. Ruiz Cabestany Pello
159. Sanchis Tormo Jose-salvador
160. Zuniga Carrasco Ricardo

SANTINI-SELLE ITALIA

41 years of existence, 16 cases, ie 0,39 per year

161. Van Impe Lucien - 1981 : absence to control
162. Bressan Roberto
163. Caroli Daniele
164. Cassani Davide
165. Cerri Claudio
166. Fasolo Claudio
167. Festa Elio
168. Gambirasio Patrizio
169. Pavanello Giuliano
170. Ronchiato Mario

TONISSTEINER

171. Wellens Paul - 1985 : absence to control (sanction not known)
172. Lurquin André
173. Morjean Stefan
174. Patry Rudy
175. Segers Noël
176. Van Brabant Benny
177. Wallays Luc
178. Wijnants Jan
179. Wijnants Ludwig - 1985 : positive control
180. Wouters Aloïs



See also