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Tour of Spain 1998 : the real numbers of dopingDeparture to the land of Marco Pantani |
The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.
Teams | Riders | Pinned | Top 10 | Pinned | Podium | Pinned |
Festina | 9 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Avianca | 9 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Banesto | 9 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Brescialat | 9 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Cantina Tollo | 9 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Casino | 9 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Cofidis | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Crédit Agricole | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Estepona | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Euskaltel | 9 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Kelme | 9 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Lotto | 9 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Mapei | 9 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
ONCE | 9 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Polti | 9 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Post Swiss | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Rabobank | 9 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Saeco | 9 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Telekom | 9 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
TVM | 9 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
US Postal | 9 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Vitalicio Seguros | 8 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 197 | 89 | 10 | 9 | 3 | 2 |
Pourcentage | 45% | 90% | 67% |
Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.
Other data :
Ranking source : www.tour-giro-vuelta.net (11/10/2010)
reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction
The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.
Rider | Product | Race | Year | Sanction | Control |
Clavero Sebastian Daniel | Hématocrite > 50% | Tour d'Espagne | 1998 | Oui | Analyse sang |
Dominguez Juan-Carlos | Hématocrite > 50% | Tour d'Espagne | 1998 | Oui | Analyse sang |
The list of participants by team
12 years of existence, 31 cases, ie 2,58 per year
1. Zülle Alex 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
2. Brochard Laurent 1991 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1997 : confessions in 2000 (no penalty) ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 ; 1998 : positive control
3. Dufaux Laurent 1998 : blood test, urine, hair, confessions in 1998
4. Garcia Casas Felix Manuel
5. Hervé Pascal 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 2000 (sanction not known) ; 2001 : positive control
6. Rous Didier 1998 : analyses sang, urine, cheveux et aveux en 1998
7. Uriarte José-ramon
8. Virenque Richard 1994 : confessions in 2000 ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair (sanction not known) ; 1999 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 1999 : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
9. Wust Marcel
2 years of existence, 0 cases, ie 0 per year
11. Castelblanco Joaquim-josé 1996 : positive control ; 1999 : laboratory inquiry (no penalty) ; 2004 : positive control
12. Aguirre Cabrera Julio-cesar
13. Hernandez Montoya Jairo
14. Leon Francisco
15. Pascual Llorente Javier 2003 : positive control
16. Mesa Saavedra Luis Ricardo
17. Munoz Fernandez Federico 2004 : positive control
18. Osorio Tamayo Carlos Andres
19. Pena Victor-hugo 2002 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
45 years of existence, 29 cases, ie 0,64 per year
21. Olano Abraham 1994 : positive control ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
22. Beltran Martinez Manuel 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : laboratory inquiry (no penalty) ; 2008 : positive control
23. De Las Cuevas Armand 1995 : border control ; 2006 : positive control
24. Fernandez Gines Manuel
25. Garcia Acosta Jose-vicente
26. Garmendia Arbilla Aitor 1998 : blood test
27. Jimenez José Maria 199x : dead in 2003 ; 1993 : positive control (sanction not known)
28. Odriozola Mugar. Jon 1997 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
29. Osa Aitor
13 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,23 per year
31. Contrini Daniele
32. Frattini Cristiano
33. Ivanov Ruslan
34. Milesi Marco
35. Piccoli Mariano 1999 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (no penalty) ; 2005 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 2010 : police investigation ; 201x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
36. Raimondi Gian Carlo
37. Serpellini Marco 2005 : police investigation (sanction not known)
38. Sgambelluri Roberto 2002 : positive control
39. Moreni Cristian 2007 : positive control
12 years of existence, 15 cases, ie 1,25 per year
41. Honchar Serhiy 1999 : blood test ; 2007 : blood test
42. Frizzo Maurizio
43. Gentili Massimiliano
44. Giunti Massimo 2010 : positive control
45. Hvastija Martin 2001 : in the act
46. Rittsel Martin
47. Simoni Gilberto 1998 : blood test ; 2002 : positive control (no penalty) ; 2002 : positive control (no penalty)
48. Strazzer Massimo 2001 : positive control (no penalty)
49. Trentin Guido 2006 : police investigation (sanction not known)
33 years of existence, 18 cases, ie 0,55 per year
51. Agnolutto Christophe
52. Aus Lauri
53. Bessy Frederic
54. Cali Vincent 199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
55. Chanteur Pascal 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
56. Gougot Fabrice
57. Kasputis Arturas
58. Kirsipuu Jan 1993 : positive control (sanction not known)
59. Massi Rodolfo 1998 : in the act ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
29 years of existence, 23 cases, ie 0,79 per year
61. Bertolini Alessandro 1997 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 2000 : blood test (sanction not known)
62. Capelle Christophe
63. Fondriest Maurizio
64. Gaumont Philippe 1996 : positive control ; 1996 : positive control ; 1996 : positive control ; 1998 : positive control (2 times) (no penalty) ; 1999 : blood test ; 2004 : confessions
65. Goubert Stéphane
66. Gwiazdowski Gregor
67. Plaza David
68. Saugrain Cyril
69. Thibout Bruno
67 years of existence, 75 cases, ie 1,12 per year
71. Boardman Christopher
72. Bos Cyril
73. Moncassin Frédéric 199x : confessions in 2000 (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry and confessions in 2013 (no penalty)
74. Perraudeau Olivier
75. Petilleau Stephane
76. Pretot Arnaud
77. Seigneur Eddy
78. Vasseur Cédric
79. Vogels Henk
81. Anguita Hinojosa Eleuterio
82. Cagigas Amedo Matias
83. Cerezo Perales Francisco
84. Cerioli Ivan
85. Miranda Gonzales Carmelo
86. Moratilla Victor
87. Nieto Fernandez German
88. Peschel Uwe
89. Vicario Barbera Juan-carlos
20 years of existence, 13 cases, ie 0,65 per year
91. Chaurreau Inigo
92. Etxebarria Arana Unai
93. Fernandez Bustinza Bingen
94. Castresana Angel
95. Gonzalez Arrieta José-ramon
96. Gonzalez Galdeano Alvaro 2000 : positive control ; 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
97. Gonzalez Galdeano Igor 2002 : positive control
98. Laiseka Jaoi Roberto
99. Aiarzaguena Urkidi Inaki
36 years of existence, 27 cases, ie 0,75 per year
101. Escartin Fernando
102. Cabello Luque Francisco 1994 : positive control (5 times)
103. Edo Alsina Angel 1998 : blood test
104. Gonzalez Gutierrez Arsenio
105. Gonzalez Pico Jaime "chepe" 2001 : in the act
106. Heras Roberto 2005 : positive control (no penalty)
107. Rodriguez Garcia José
108. Rubiera Vigil José-luis
109. Serrano Rodriguez Marcos-antonio 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
111. Aerts Mario
112. De Wolf Steve 199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
113. Dierckxsens Ludo 1999 : confessions in 1999
114. Laukka Joona
115. Madouas Laurent 1994 : positive control
116. Marichal Thierry 1996 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
117. Peers Chris 2003 : judicial investigation
118. Tchmil Andrei
119. Teteriouk Andrei
121. Vandenbroucke Frank 1996 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : blood test and confessions in 2008 ; 2002 : in the act ; 2008 : police investigation
122. Bramati Davide
123. Bugno Gianni 1994 : positive control ; 1997 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : in the act
124. Di Grande Giuseppe 2001 : in the act
125. Figueras Giuliano 2001 : positive control ; 2002 : positive control
126. Lanfranchi Paolo
127. Mattan Nico 2000 : positive control ; 200x : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
128. Svorada Jan
129. Camenzind Oscar 2004 : positive control
18 years of existence, 20 cases, ie 1,11 per year
131. Jalabert Laurent 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
132. Cuesta Lopez De Cas. Inigo
133. Diaz De Otazu Luis-maria
134. Diaz Zabala Herminio
135. Etxebarria Alkorta David 2004 : positive control
136. Leanizbarrutia Alberto
137. Mauri-prat Melchior
138. Sierra Roberto
139. Zarrabeitia Mikel
18 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 0,56 per year
141. Guerini Giuseppe
142. Atienza Daniel
143. Crepaldi Mirko 2018 : police investigation (sanction not known)
144. Gualdi Mirko
145. Guidi Fabrizio 2005 : positive control (no penalty)
146. Rokia Anthony 1996 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
147. Salvato Cristian
148. Valoti Gianluca
149. Zinetti Mauro
151. Aebersold Niki
152. Beuchat Roger
153. Bourquenoud Pierre
154. Chassot Richard 199x : confessions in 2008 (no penalty)
155. Hotz Franz
156. Huser Rolf
157. Paradis Daniel 2006 : absence to control
158. Wirz Guido
159. Zberg Markus
41 years of existence, 25 cases, ie 0,61 per year
161. Boogerd Michael 2005 : confessions in 2013
162. Dekker Eric 1999 : positive control
163. Lotz Marc 2005 : judicial investigation and confessions
164. Mcewen Robbie
165. Moerenhout Jacobus (koos)
166. Sorensen Rolf 199x : confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 1993 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
167. Van Bon Leon
168. Van Heeswijk Max 2007 : confessions in 2011 (no penalty)
169. Wauters Marc
15 years of existence, 20 cases, ie 1,33 per year
171. Morscher Harald 1999 : blood test
172. Buschor Philipp
173. Commesso Salvatore 2001 : in the act
174. Frigo Dario 1996 : confessions in 2001 (sanction not known) ; 2001 : confessions in 2001 ; 2005 : judicial investigation and confessions
175. Kokorine Vitaly
176. Padrnos Pavel 2001 : in the act (sanction not known)
177. Moos Alexandre
178. Rich Michael
179. Savoldelli Paolo 2005 : disciplinary investigation
23 years of existence, 48 cases, ie 2,09 per year
181. Kloden Andreas
182. Baldinger Dirk
183. Blaudzun Michael
184. Dietz Bert 1994 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
185. Hundertmarck Kai
186. Lombardi Giovanni 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
187. Muller Dirk 199x : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 2000 : positive control
188. Schaffrath Jan
189. Totschnig Georg 2005 : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
25 years of existence, 33 cases, ie 1,32 per year
191. Blijlevens Jeroen 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : senate inquiry and confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
192. De Jongh Steven 1998 : judicial investigation and confessions
193. Knaven Servais 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
194. Lafis Michel
195. Moller Klaus-michael 1999 : positive control
196. Outschakov Serguei 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : positive control
197. Hoffman Tristan 1998 : positive control (no penalty)
198. Van Petegem Peter 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
199. Voskamp Bart 1998 : judicial investigation and confessions (no penalty)
17 years of existence, 29 cases, ie 1,71 per year
201. Armstrong Lance 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : laboratory inquiry
202. Ekimov Vjatceslav
203. Llaneras Juan 2001 : positive control (no penalty)
204. Meinert-nielsen Peter 1993 : positive control
205. Robin Jean-cyril 199x : confessions in 2004 (sanction not known)
206. Teutenberg Sven
207. Vandevelde Christian 1999 : confessions in 2012 ; 2004 : confessions in 2012 ; 2004 : confessions in 2012
208. Vaughters Jonathan 1996 : confessions in 2012 (no penalty) ; 1997 : confessions (no penalty) ; 1998 : confessions in 2012 (no penalty)
209. Villatoro Anton
3 years of existence, 4 cases, ie 1,33 per year
211. Casero Moreno Angel-luis 1996 : positive control (no penalty)
212. Blanco Gil Santiago
213. Aggiano Elio
214. Clavero Sebastian Daniel 1998 : blood test ; 2001 : police investigation
215. Dominguez Juan-carlos 1998 : blood test ; 2006 : blood test
216. Garcia Marquina David
217. Indurain Prudencio
218. Smetanine Serguei
reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction