Tour of Spain 1995 : the real numbers of doping

Tadej Pogacar, Mauro Gianetti's poulain archi-favors
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Last update 27/08/2025 - cyclisme-dopage.com

Statistics

The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.

Teams Riders Pinned Top 10 Pinned Podium Pinned
Mapei 9 3 2 1 1 1
Artiach 9 1 1 1 0 0
Banesto 9 1 1 0 0 0
Carrera 9 3 0 0 0 0
Castellblanch 9 3 0 0 0 0
Chazal 9 1 0 0 0 0
Euskadi 9 1 0 0 0 0
Gan 9 2 0 0 0 0
Gewiss 9 7 0 0 0 0
Kelme 9 4 0 0 0 0
Festina 9 3 1 1 0 0
Motorola 9 8 0 0 0 0
Novell 9 3 0 0 0 0
ONCE 9 4 3 2 2 2
Polti 9 4 1 0 0 0
Mercatone Uno 9 4 1 1 0 0
Porcelena Santa Clara 9 1 0 0 0 0
Sicasal 9 0 0 0 0 0
Telekom 9 6 0 0 0 0
TVM 9 7 0 0 0 0
Total 180 66 10 6 3 3
Pourcentage 37% 60% 100%

Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.

Other data :


The official ranking

Ranking source : www.tour-giro-vuelta.net (15/10/2010)

  1. Jalabert Laurent in 95h30'33'' Yellow card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  2. Olano Abraham at 0h04'22'' Red card 1994 : positive control ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  3. Bruyneel Johan at 0h06'48'' Red card 1996 : aveux en 2023 (no penalty) ; 199x : judicial investigation
  4. Mauri-prat Melchior at 0h08'04''
  5. Virenque Richard at 0h11'38'' Red card 1994 : confessions in 2000 ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair (sanction not known) ; 1999 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 1999 : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
  6. Pistore Roberto at 0h11'54''
  7. Garcia Marquina David at 0h13'50''
  8. Clavero Sebastian Daniel at 0h15'03'' Red card 1998 : blood test ; 2001 : police investigation
  9. Bartoli Michele at 0h19'14'' Yellow card 2006 : police investigation (no penalty)
  10. Della Santa Stefano at 0h19'42''
  11. Serrano Rodriguez Marcos-antonio at 0h20'24'' Yellow card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  12. Garcia Casas Felix Manuel at 0h21'18''
  13. Casero Moreno Angel-luis at 0h26'18'' Yellow card 1996 : positive control (no penalty)
  14. Rodrigues Gomes Orlando Sergio at 0h27'21''
  15. Uria Gonzales José-manuel at 0h28'49''
  16. Plaza David at 0h29'20''
  17. Gianetti Mauro at 0h30'12'' Yellow card 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
  18. Echave Musatadi Federico at 0h31'04'' Yellow card 1995 : positive control (sanction not known)
  19. Garcia Espana Ramon at 0h35'50''
  20. Zülle Alex at 0h37'49'' Red card 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
  21. Merckx Axel at 0h38'03'' Yellow card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  22. Ugrumov Piotr at 0h43'50'' Yellow card 1995 : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
  23. Pascual Soler Manuel at 0h43'57''
  24. Pellicioli Oscar at 0h45'26''
  25. Ekimov Vjatceslav at 0h45'48''
  26. Goubert Stéphane at 0h47'09''
  27. Bouwmans Eddy at 0h54'36'' Yellow card 1994 : confessions in 2013 (no penalty)
  28. Brignoli Ermanno at 1h00'31'' Red card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : in the act
  29. Stephens Neil at 1h00'41'' Yellow card 1998 : analyses sang, urine, cheveux, aveux en 1998 (sanction not known)
  30. Benitez Esbri Francisco at 1h00'53''
  31. Meinert-nielsen Peter at 1h01'04'' Red card 1993 : positive control
  32. Dietz Bert at 1h03'50'' Yellow card 1994 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
  33. Rodriguez Gil Manuel at 1h05'35''
  34. Garcia Garcia Jose-manuel at 1h05'50''
  35. Pena Miguel Angel at 1h07'33''
  36. Arenas Gonzalez Juan-rodrigo at 1h08'35''
  37. Montoya Alarcon Jesus at 1h09'04''
  38. Moller Klaus-michael at 1h09'26'' Red card 1999 : positive control
  39. Hervé Pascal at 1h10'01'' Red card 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 2000 (sanction not known) ; 2001 : positive control
  40. Aiarzaguena Urkidi Inaki at 1h13'42''
  41. Beltran Manuel at 1h15'48'' Red card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : laboratory inquiry (no penalty) ; 2008 : positive control
  42. Boogerd Michael at 1h18'10'' Red card 2005 : confessions in 2013
  43. Leanizbarrutia Alberto at 1h20'49''
  44. Sanchez Garcia Antonio at 1h26'42''
  45. Henn Christian at 1h28'21'' Red card 1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control
  46. Alonso Monje Marino at 1h30'55''
  47. Lizcano Maya Carlos Alberto at 1h34'30'' Red card 2005 : positive control
  48. Skibby Jesper at 1h35'22'' Yellow card 1990 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1991 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1992 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
  49. Fina Rosario at 1h39'41''
  50. Ozols Dainis at 1h39'54''
  51. Miranda Gonzales Carmelo at 1h42'55''
  52. Saitov Asiate at 1h43'25''
  53. Cerezo Perales Francisco at 1h44'23''
  54. Garcia Camacho Ignacio at 1h45'40''
  55. Sierra Roberto at 1h48'57''
  56. Tebaldi Valerio at 1h49'07''
  57. Espinosa Hernan. Jose-antonio at 1h49'31'' Yellow card 1993 : positive control (sanction not known)
  58. Diaz Zabala Herminio at 1h53'50''
  59. Sanchez De La Rocha José-luis at 2h04'46''
  60. Borghi Ruggero at 2h06'30''
  61. Gainetdinov Romes at 2h07'13''
  62. Rincon Quintana Oliveiro at 2h09'46''
  63. Uriarte José-ramon at 2h10'28''
  64. Cabello Luque Francisco at 2h16'17'' Red card 1994 : positive control (5 times)
  65. Dominguez Juan-carlos at 2h19'51'' Red card 1998 : blood test ; 2006 : blood test
  66. Fornaciari Paolo at 2h20'19''
  67. Baffi Adriano at 2h25'12''
  68. Rodriguez Garcia José at 2h26'00''
  69. Vasseur Cédric at 2h26'19''
  70. Gonzalez De Heredia Inigo at 2h33'56''
  71. Petito Giuseppe at 2h35'49''
  72. Gonzalez Galdeano Alvaro at 2h39'48'' Red card 2000 : positive control ; 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
  73. Vieira De Araujo Serafim at 2h41'20''
  74. Nijboer Erwin at 2h42'55''
  75. Abreu Campos Manuel at 2h43'18''
  76. Laiseka Jaoi Roberto at 2h49'56''
  77. Vidal Jose-angel at 2h50'14''
  78. Leysen Bart at 2h55'09''
  79. Peron Andrea at 2h55'15'' Yellow card 2001 : in the act (no penalty) ; 2004 : in the act (no penalty) ; 2011 : positive control (sanction not known)
  80. Irusta Sampedro Alfredoo at 2h56'32''
  81. Pretot Arnaud at 2h57'28''
  82. Jarque Jose-francisco at 2h57'40''
  83. Ajuria Gordon Ibon at 2h59'20''
  84. Chaurreau Inigo at 3h02'12''
  85. Chanteur Pascal at 3h03'16'' Yellow card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  86. Cordes Tom at 3h04'07''
  87. Cembali Stefano at 3h09'02''
  88. Pinho Olivero Carlos at 3h09'28''
  89. Hundertmarck Kai at 3h10'23''
  90. Weltz Johnny at 3h12'21'' Yellow card 2000 : confessions in 2015 (no penalty)
  91. Crepaldi Mirko at 3h16'07'' Yellow card 2018 : police investigation (sanction not known)
  92. Van Steen Martin at 3h16'49''
  93. Wust Marcel at 3h16'55''
  94. Locatelli Martial at 3h19'37''
  95. Tcherkachine Dimitri at 3h24'29''
  96. Pascual Rodriguez Javier at 3h26'28'' Red card 2003 : positive control
  97. Gouvenou Thierry at 3h27'15''
  98. Andersson Michel at 3h28'14''
  99. Wesemann Steffen at 3h33'00''
  100. Lezaun-zubiria Roberto at 3h38'13''
  101. Ozers Kaspars at 3h38'44''
  102. Van Hooydonck Edwig at 3h40'06''
  103. Knaven Servais at 3h45'51'' Yellow card 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
  104. Van Petegem Peter at 3h45'54'' Yellow card 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
  105. Poli Eros at 3h45'58'' Red card 1986 : positive control
  106. Livingston Kevin at 3h49'46'' Yellow card 1999 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1997 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  107. Kummer Mario at 3h49'55'' Yellow card 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
  108. Meier Roland at 3h50'42'' Red card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : positive control
  109. Zamana Cesary at 3h54'31'' Red card 1999 : positive control
  110. Hincapie George at 3h54'33'' Red card 1996 : confessions in 2012
  111. Rossi Remo at 4h03'31''
  112. Chiesa Mario at 4h04'26'' Yellow card 1993 : police investigation (no penalty)
  113. Teutenberg Sven at 4h05'37''
  114. Vogels Henk at 4h08'29''
  115. Calcaterra Giuseppe at 4h09'28'' Yellow card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  116. Hoffman Tristan at 4h10'36'' Yellow card 1998 : positive control (no penalty)
  117. Thebes Raymond at 4h20'57''
  118. Simeoni Filippo at 4h25'04'' Red card 1993 : confessions in 1999 (no penalty) ; 1996 : positive control

Red card reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
Yellow card reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction


The alternative ranking

The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.

  1. Mauri Melchior
  2. Pistore Roberto
  3. Garcia Marquina David
  4. Della Santa Stefano
  5. Garcia Casas Felix Manuel
  6. Rodrigues Gomes Orlando Sergio
  7. Uria Gonzales José-manuel
  8. Plaza David
  9. Garcia Espana Ramon
  10. Pascual Soler Manuel
  11. Pellicioli Oscar
  12. Ekimov Viatcheslav
  13. Goubert Stéphane
  14. Benitez Esbri Francisco
  15. Rodriguez Gil Manuel
  16. Garcia Garcia Jose-manuel
  17. Pena Miguel Angel
  18. Arenas Gonzalez Juan-rodrigo
  19. Montoya Alarcon Jesus
  20. Aiarzaguena Urkidi Inaki
  21. Leanizbarrutia Alberto
  22. Sanchez Garcia Antonio
  23. Alonso Marino
  24. Fina Rosario
  25. Ozols Dainis
  26. Miranda Carmelo
  27. Saitov Asiate
  28. Cerezo Perales Francisco
  29. Garcia Camacho Ignacio
  30. Sierra Roberto
  31. Tebaldi Valerio
  32. Diaz Zabala Herminio
  33. Sanchez De La Rocha José-luis
  34. Borghi Ruggero
  35. Gainetdinov Romes
  36. Rincon Quintana Oliveiro
  37. Uriarte José-ramon
  38. Fornaciari Paolo
  39. Baffi Adriano
  40. Rodriguez Garcia José
  41. Vasseur Cédric
  42. Gonzalez De Heredia Inigo
  43. Petito Giuseppe
  44. Vieira De Araujo Serafim
  45. Nijboer Erwin
  46. Abreu Campos Manuel
  47. Laiseka Jaoi Roberto
  48. Vidal Jose-angel
  49. Leysen Bart
  50. Irusta Sampedro Alfredoo
  51. Pretot Arnaud
  52. Jarque Jose-francisco
  53. Ajuria Gordon Ibon
  54. Chaurreau Inigo
  55. Cordes Tom
  56. Cembali Stefano
  57. Pinho Olivero Carlos
  58. Hundertmarck Kai
  59. Van Steen Martin
  60. Wust Marcel
  61. Locatelli Martial
  62. Tcherkachine Dimitri
  63. Gouvenou Thierry
  64. Andersson Michel
  65. Wesemann Steffen
  66. Lezaun-zubiria Roberto
  67. Ozers Kaspar
  68. Van Hooydonck Edwig
  69. Rossi Remo
  70. Teutenberg Sven
  71. Vogels Henk (aus)
  72. Thebes Raymond


The list of participants

The list of participants by team

Mapei

33 years of existence, 31 cases, ie 0,94 per year

1. Baffi Adriano
2. Beltran Manuel Red card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : laboratory inquiry (no penalty) ; 2008 : positive control
3. Leysen Bart
4. Della Santa Stefano
5. Echave Musatadi Federico Yellow card 1995 : positive control (sanction not known)
6. Unzaga Bombin Jon
7. Fernandez Gines Manuel
8. Olano Abraham Red card 1994 : positive control ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
9. Pena Miguel Angel

Artiach

12 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,25 per year

11. Clavero Sebastian Daniel Red card 1998 : blood test ; 2001 : police investigation
12. Garcia Casas Felix Manuel
13. Garcia Espana Ramon
14. Rodrigues Gomes Orlando Sergio
15. Garcia Garcia Jose-manuel
16. Pascual Soler Manuel
17. Saitov Asiate
18. Sanchez Garcia Antonio
19. Santamaria Gonzales Jose-luis

Banesto

46 years of existence, 30 cases, ie 0,65 per year

21. Uriarte José-ramon
22. Casero Moreno Angel-luis Yellow card 1996 : positive control (no penalty)
23. Garcia Marquina David
24. Alonso Monje Marino
25. Nijboer Erwin
26. Miranda Gonzales Carmelo
27. Gonzalez Arrieta José-ramon
28. Montoya Alarcon Jesus
29. Aparicio Vila Vicente

Carrera

21 years of existence, 11 cases, ie 0,52 per year

31. Pantani Marco Red card 1993 : medical control (sanction not known) ; 1995 : medical control + poursuites judiciaires ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 1999 : blood test ; 2001 : in the act
32. Sierra Leonardo
33. Rossi Remo
34. Luttenberger Peter
35. Mantovan Mario
36. Artunghi Marco
37. Simeoni Filippo Red card 1993 : confessions in 1999 (no penalty) ; 1996 : positive control
38. Cembali Stefano
39. Chiesa Mario Yellow card 1993 : police investigation (no penalty)

Castellblanch

41. Anguita Hinojosa Eleuterio
42. Cerezo Perales Francisco
43. Cordes Tom
44. Uria Gonzales José-manuel
45. Espinosa Hernan. Jose-antonio Yellow card 1993 : positive control (sanction not known)
46. Irusta Sampedro Alfredoo
47. Lizcano Maya Carlos Alberto Red card 2005 : positive control
48. Moller Klaus-michael Red card 1999 : positive control
49. Wust Marcel

Chazal

51. Bernard Jean-françois
52. Arroyo Rosales Miguel
53. Bourgeot Jean-pierre
54. Chanteur Pascal Yellow card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
55. Delbove Jimmy
56. Delion Gilles
57. Locatelli Martial
58. Louviot Philippe
59. Cornillet Bruno

Euskadi

61. Ajuria Gordon Ibon
62. Cuesta Lopez De Cas. Inigo
63. Elissalde Thierry
64. Goenetxea Sasiain Asier
65. Gonzalez Galdeano Alvaro Red card 2000 : positive control ; 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
66. Gonzalez Salvador Juan-carlos
67. Gonzalez De Heredia Inigo
68. Laiseka Jaoi Roberto
69. Lezaun-zubiria Roberto

Gan

67 years of existence, 76 cases, ie 1,13 per year

71. Aubier Nicolas Yellow card 1996 : confessions in 1997 (no penalty)
72. Colotti Jean-claude
73. Rous Didier Red card 1998 : analyses sang, urine, cheveux et aveux en 1998
74. Derame Pascal
75. Gouvenou Thierry
76. Lance Pascal
77. Pretot Arnaud
78. Seigneur Eddy
79. Vasseur Cédric

Gewiss

5 years of existence, 12 cases, ie 2,4 per year

81. Bobrik Vladislav
82. Brignoli Ermanno Red card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : in the act
83. Cerioli Ivan
84. Furlan Giorgio Yellow card 1999 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 2000 : blood test (sanction not known)
85. Minali Nicola Yellow card 1997 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
86. Odriozola Mugar. Jon Yellow card 1997 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
87. Riis Bjarne Red card 198x : confessions in 2010 (no penalty) ; 1993 : confessions in 2007 ; 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
88. Ugrumov Piotr Yellow card 1995 : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
89. Zanini Stefano Red card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : in the act

Kelme

36 years of existence, 27 cases, ie 0,75 per year

91. Benitez Esbri Francisco
92. Cabello Luque Francisco Red card 1994 : positive control (5 times)
93. Dominguez Juan-carlos Red card 1998 : blood test ; 2006 : blood test
94. Farfan Pulido Jose-martin Yellow card 1989 : positive control (sanction not known)
95. Garcia Camacho Ignacio
96. Rodriguez Garcia José
97. Sanchez De La Rocha José-luis
98. Serrano Rodriguez Marcos-antonio Yellow card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
99. Vidal Jose-angel

Festina

12 years of existence, 30 cases, ie 2,5 per year

101. Virenque Richard Red card 1994 : confessions in 2000 ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair (sanction not known) ; 1999 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 1999 : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
102. Hervé Pascal Red card 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 2000 (sanction not known) ; 2001 : positive control
103. Robin Jean-cyril Yellow card 199x : confessions in 2004 (sanction not known)
104. Tebaldi Valerio
105. Torres Roberto
106. Arenas Gonzalez Juan-rodrigo
107. Plaza David
108. Laukka Joona
109. Goubert Stéphane

Motorola

17 years of existence, 5 cases, ie 0,29 per year

111. Andreu Frankie Yellow card 1995 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
112. Livingston Kevin Yellow card 1999 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1997 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
113. Hincapie George Red card 1996 : confessions in 2012
114. Mejia Castrillon Alvaro Red card 1987 : positive control
115. Merckx Axel Yellow card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
116. Ozers Kaspars
117. Peron Andrea Yellow card 2001 : in the act (no penalty) ; 2004 : in the act (no penalty) ; 2011 : positive control (sanction not known)
118. Weltz Johnny Yellow card 2000 : confessions in 2015 (no penalty)
119. Zamana Cesary Red card 1999 : positive control

Novell

121. Abdoujaparov Djamolidine Red card 1989 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control
122. Boogerd Michael Red card 2005 : confessions in 2013
123. Bouwmans Eddy Yellow card 1994 : confessions in 2013 (no penalty)
124. Ekimov Vjatceslav
125. Mulders Rob
126. Ozols Dainis
127. Teutenberg Sven
128. Van Hooydonck Edwig
129. Vogels Henk

ONCE

18 years of existence, 20 cases, ie 1,11 per year

131. Bruyneel Johan Red card 1996 : aveux en 2023 (no penalty) ; 199x : judicial investigation
132. Diaz Zabala Herminio
133. Sierra Roberto
134. Jalabert Laurent Yellow card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
135. Leanizbarrutia Alberto
136. Mauri-prat Melchior
137. Rincon Quintana Oliveiro
138. Stephens Neil Yellow card 1998 : analyses sang, urine, cheveux, aveux en 1998 (sanction not known)
139. Zülle Alex Red card 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)

Polti

18 years of existence, 9 cases, ie 0,5 per year

141. Chaurreau Inigo
142. Gianetti Mauro Yellow card 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
143. Gualdi Mirko
144. Crepaldi Mirko Yellow card 2018 : police investigation (sanction not known)
145. Ouchakov Serguei Red card 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : positive control
146. Pellicioli Oscar
147. Pianegonda Gianluca
148. Pistore Roberto
149. Scirea Mario Red card 2004 : in the act

Mercatone Uno

151. Bartoli Michele Yellow card 2006 : police investigation (no penalty)
152. Borghi Ruggero
153. Biasci Simone Red card 200x : positive control
154. Fornaciari Paolo
155. Poli Eros Red card 1986 : positive control
156. Fina Rosario
157. Calcaterra Giuseppe Yellow card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
158. Petito Giuseppe
159. Politano Antonio

Porcelena Santa Clara

4 years of existence, 1 case, ie 0,25 per year

161. Gainetdinov Romes
162. Gilabert Franch Jordi
163. Pascual Rodriguez Javier Red card 2003 : positive control
164. Rodriguez Gil Manuel
165. Santamarta Eloy
166. Tcherkachine Dimitri
167. Jarque Jose-francisco
168. Aiarzaguena Urkidi Inaki
169. Zintchenko Andrei

Sicasal

171. Abreu Campos Manuel
172. Andersson Michel
173. Gamito Vitor Manuel
174. Gomes Joaquim
175. Pinho Olivero Carlos
176. Carneiro Carlos
177. Amorim Valada Gonçalo-josé
178. Vieira De Araujo Serafim
179. Felgueiras Ricardo

Telekom

23 years of existence, 33 cases, ie 1,43 per year

181. Aldag Rolf Yellow card 1995 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
182. Audehm Gerd
183. Dietz Bert Yellow card 1994 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
184. Henn Christian Red card 1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control
185. Hundertmarck Kai
186. Kummer Mario Yellow card 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
187. Ullrich Jan Red card 1995 : aveux en 2023 (no penalty) ; 1997 : confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (no penalty) ; 2002 : positive control ; 2005 : judicial investigation
188. Wesemann Steffen
189. Zabel Erik Red card 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1996 : confessions in 2007 and 2013 ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)

TVM

191. Blijlevens Jeroen Yellow card 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : senate inquiry and confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
192. Hoffman Tristan Yellow card 1998 : positive control (no penalty)
193. Meinert-nielsen Peter Red card 1993 : positive control
194. Van Petegem Peter Yellow card 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
195. Meier Roland Red card 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : positive control
196. Thebes Raymond
197. Knaven Servais Yellow card 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
198. Skibby Jesper Yellow card 1990 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1991 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1992 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
199. Van Steen Martin

Red card reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
Yellow card reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction


See also