Tour of Spain 1995 : the real numbers of doping

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Last update : 12/05/2023

Statistics

The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.

Teams Riders Pinned Top 10 Pinned Podium Pinned
Mapei 9 3 2 1 1 1
Artiach 9 1 1 1 0 0
Banesto 9 1 1 0 0 0
Carrera 9 3 0 0 0 0
Castellblanch 9 3 0 0 0 0
Chazal 9 1 0 0 0 0
Euskadi 9 1 0 0 0 0
Gan 9 2 0 0 0 0
Gewiss 9 7 0 0 0 0
Kelme 9 4 0 0 0 0
Festina 9 3 1 1 0 0
Motorola 9 8 0 0 0 0
Novell 9 2 0 0 0 0
ONCE 9 4 3 2 2 2
Polti 9 4 1 0 0 0
Mercatone Uno 9 4 1 1 0 0
Porcelena Santa Clara 9 1 0 0 0 0
Sicasal 9 0 0 0 0 0
Telekom 9 6 0 0 0 0
TVM 9 6 0 0 0 0
Total 180 64 10 6 3 3
Pourcentage 36% 60% 100%

Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.

Other data :



The official ranking

Ranking source : www.tour-giro-vuelta.net (15/10/2010)

  1. Jalabert Laurent in 95h30'33'' - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  2. Olano Abraham at 0h04'22'' - 1994 : positive control ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  3. Bruyneel Johan at 0h06'48'' - 199x : judicial investigation
  4. Mauri Melchior at 0h08'04''
  5. Virenque Richard at 0h11'38'' - 1994 : confessions in 2000 ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair (sanction not known) ; 1999 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 1999 : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
  6. Pistore Roberto at 0h11'54''
  7. Garcia Marquina David at 0h13'50''
  8. Clavero Sebastian Daniel at 0h15'03'' - 1998 : blood test ; 2001 : police investigation
  9. Bartoli Michele at 0h19'14'' - 2006 : police investigation (no penalty)
  10. Della Santa Stefano at 0h19'42''
  11. Serrano Rodriguez Marcos-antonio at 0h20'24'' - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  12. Garcia Casas Felix Manuel at 0h21'18''
  13. Casero Angel at 0h26'18'' - 1996 : positive control (no penalty)
  14. Rodrigues Gomes Orlando Sergio at 0h27'21''
  15. Uria Gonzales José-manuel at 0h28'49''
  16. Plaza David at 0h29'20''
  17. Gianetti Mauro at 0h30'12'' - 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
  18. Echave Musatadi Federico at 0h31'04'' - 1995 : positive control (sanction not known)
  19. Garcia Espana Ramon at 0h35'50''
  20. Zülle Alex at 0h37'49'' - 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
  21. Merckx Axel at 0h38'03'' - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  22. Ugrumov Piotr at 0h43'50'' - 1995 : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
  23. Pascual Soler Manuel at 0h43'57''
  24. Pellicioli Oscar at 0h45'26''
  25. Ekimov Viatcheslav at 0h45'48''
  26. Goubert Stéphane at 0h47'09''
  27. Bouwmans Eddy at 0h54'36''
  28. Brignoli Ermanno at 1h00'31'' - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : in the act
  29. Stephens Neil at 1h00'41'' - 1998 : analyses sang, urine, cheveux, aveux en 1998 (sanction not known)
  30. Benitez Esbri Francisco at 1h00'53''
  31. Meinert-nielsen Peter at 1h01'04'' - 1993 : positive control
  32. Dietz Bert at 1h03'50'' - 1994 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
  33. Rodriguez Gil Manuel at 1h05'35''
  34. Garcia Garcia Jose-manuel at 1h05'50''
  35. Pena Miguel Angel at 1h07'33''
  36. Arenas Gonzalez Juan-rodrigo at 1h08'35''
  37. Montoya Alarcon Jesus at 1h09'04''
  38. Moller Claus Michael at 1h09'26'' - 1999 : positive control
  39. Hervé Pascal at 1h10'01'' - 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 2000 (sanction not known) ; 2001 : positive control
  40. Aiarzaguena Urkidi Inaki at 1h13'42''
  41. Beltran Manuel at 1h15'48'' - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : laboratory inquiry (no penalty) ; 2008 : positive control
  42. Boogerd Michael at 1h18'10'' - 2005 : confessions in 2013
  43. Leanizbarrutia Alberto at 1h20'49''
  44. Sanchez Garcia Antonio at 1h26'42''
  45. Henn Christian at 1h28'21'' - 1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control
  46. Alonso Marino at 1h30'55''
  47. Maya Carlos at 1h34'30'' - 2005 : positive control
  48. Skibby Jesper at 1h35'22'' - 1990 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1991 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1992 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
  49. Fina Rosario at 1h39'41''
  50. Ozols Dainis at 1h39'54''
  51. Miranda Carmelo at 1h42'55''
  52. Saitov Asiate at 1h43'25''
  53. Cerezo Perales Francisco at 1h44'23''
  54. Garcia Camacho Ignacio at 1h45'40''
  55. Sierra Roberto at 1h48'57''
  56. Tebaldi Valerio at 1h49'07''
  57. Espinosa Jose-antonio at 1h49'31'' - 1993 : positive control (sanction not known)
  58. Diaz Zabala Herminio at 1h53'50''
  59. Sanchez De La Rocha José-luis at 2h04'46''
  60. Borghi Ruggero at 2h06'30''
  61. Gainetdinov Romes at 2h07'13''
  62. Rincon Quintana Oliveiro at 2h09'46''
  63. Uriarte José-ramon at 2h10'28''
  64. Cabello Francisco at 2h16'17'' - 1994 : positive control (5 times)
  65. Dominguez Juan-carlos at 2h19'51'' - 1998 : blood test ; 2006 : blood test
  66. Fornaciari Paolo at 2h20'19''
  67. Baffi Adriano at 2h25'12''
  68. Rodriguez Garcia José at 2h26'00''
  69. Vasseur Cédric at 2h26'19''
  70. Gonzalez De Heredia Inigo at 2h33'56''
  71. Petito Giuseppe at 2h35'49''
  72. Gonzales De Galdeano Alvaro at 2h39'48'' - 2000 : positive control ; 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
  73. Vieira De Araujo Serafim at 2h41'20''
  74. Nijboer Erwin at 2h42'55''
  75. Abreu Campos Manuel at 2h43'18''
  76. Laiseka Jaoi Roberto at 2h49'56''
  77. Vidal Jose-angel at 2h50'14''
  78. Leysen Bart at 2h55'09''
  79. Peron Andrea at 2h55'15'' - 2001 : in the act (no penalty) ; 2004 : in the act (no penalty) ; 2011 : positive control (sanction not known)
  80. Irusta Sampedro Alfredoo at 2h56'32''
  81. Pretot Arnaud at 2h57'28''
  82. Jarque Jose-francisco at 2h57'40''
  83. Ajuria Gordon Ibon at 2h59'20''
  84. Chaurreau Inigo at 3h02'12''
  85. Chanteur Pascal at 3h03'16'' - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  86. Cordes Tom at 3h04'07''
  87. Cembali Stefano at 3h09'02''
  88. Pinho Olivero Carlos at 3h09'28''
  89. Hundertmarck Kai at 3h10'23''
  90. Weltz Johnny at 3h12'21'' - 2000 : confessions in 2015 (no penalty)
  91. Crepaldi Mirko at 3h16'07'' - 2018 : police investigation (sanction not known)
  92. Van Steen Martin at 3h16'49''
  93. Wust Marcel at 3h16'55''
  94. Locatelli Martial at 3h19'37''
  95. Tcherkachine Dimitri at 3h24'29''
  96. Pascual Rodriguez Javier at 3h26'28'' - 2003 : positive control
  97. Gouvenou Thierry at 3h27'15''
  98. Andersson Michel at 3h28'14''
  99. Wesemann Steffen at 3h33'00''
  100. Lezaun-zubiria Roberto at 3h38'13''
  101. Ozers Kaspar at 3h38'44''
  102. Van Hooydonck Edwig at 3h40'06''
  103. Knaven Servais at 3h45'51'' - 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
  104. Van Petegem Peter at 3h45'54'' - 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
  105. Poli Eros at 3h45'58'' - 1986 : positive control
  106. Livingston Kevin at 3h49'46'' - 1999 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1997 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  107. Kummer Mario at 3h49'55'' - 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
  108. Meier Roland at 3h50'42'' - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : positive control
  109. Zamana Cezary at 3h54'31'' - 1999 : positive control
  110. Hincapie George at 3h54'33'' - 1996 : confessions in 2012
  111. Rossi Remo at 4h03'31''
  112. Chiesa Mario at 4h04'26'' - 1993 : police investigation (no penalty)
  113. Teutenberg Sven at 4h05'37''
  114. Vogels Henk (aus) at 4h08'29''
  115. Calcaterra Giuseppe at 4h09'28'' - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
  116. Hoffman Tristan at 4h10'36''
  117. Thebes Raymond at 4h20'57''
  118. Simeoni Filippo at 4h25'04'' - 1993 : confessions in 1999 (no penalty) ; 2001 : positive control



The alternative ranking

The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.

  1. Mauri Melchior
  2. Pistore Roberto
  3. Garcia Marquina David
  4. Della Santa Stefano
  5. Garcia Casas Felix Manuel
  6. Rodrigues Gomes Orlando Sergio
  7. Uria Gonzales José-manuel
  8. Plaza David
  9. Garcia Espana Ramon
  10. Pascual Soler Manuel
  11. Pellicioli Oscar
  12. Ekimov Viatcheslav
  13. Goubert Stéphane
  14. Bouwmans Eddy
  15. Benitez Esbri Francisco
  16. Rodriguez Gil Manuel
  17. Garcia Garcia Jose-manuel
  18. Pena Miguel Angel
  19. Arenas Gonzalez Juan-rodrigo
  20. Montoya Alarcon Jesus
  21. Aiarzaguena Urkidi Inaki
  22. Leanizbarrutia Alberto
  23. Sanchez Garcia Antonio
  24. Alonso Marino
  25. Fina Rosario
  26. Ozols Dainis
  27. Miranda Carmelo
  28. Saitov Asiate
  29. Cerezo Perales Francisco
  30. Garcia Camacho Ignacio
  31. Sierra Roberto
  32. Tebaldi Valerio
  33. Diaz Zabala Herminio
  34. Sanchez De La Rocha José-luis
  35. Borghi Ruggero
  36. Gainetdinov Romes
  37. Rincon Quintana Oliveiro
  38. Uriarte José-ramon
  39. Fornaciari Paolo
  40. Baffi Adriano
  41. Rodriguez Garcia José
  42. Vasseur Cédric
  43. Gonzalez De Heredia Inigo
  44. Petito Giuseppe
  45. Vieira De Araujo Serafim
  46. Nijboer Erwin
  47. Abreu Campos Manuel
  48. Laiseka Jaoi Roberto
  49. Vidal Jose-angel
  50. Leysen Bart
  51. Irusta Sampedro Alfredoo
  52. Pretot Arnaud
  53. Jarque Jose-francisco
  54. Ajuria Gordon Ibon
  55. Chaurreau Inigo
  56. Cordes Tom
  57. Cembali Stefano
  58. Pinho Olivero Carlos
  59. Hundertmarck Kai
  60. Van Steen Martin
  61. Wust Marcel
  62. Locatelli Martial
  63. Tcherkachine Dimitri
  64. Gouvenou Thierry
  65. Andersson Michel
  66. Wesemann Steffen
  67. Lezaun-zubiria Roberto
  68. Ozers Kaspar
  69. Van Hooydonck Edwig
  70. Rossi Remo
  71. Teutenberg Sven
  72. Vogels Henk (aus)
  73. Hoffman Tristan
  74. Thebes Raymond



The list of participants

The list of participants by team

Mapei

31 years of existence, 26 cases, ie 0,84 per year

1. Baffi Adriano
2. Beltran Manuel - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : laboratory inquiry (no penalty) ; 2008 : positive control
3. Leysen Bart
4. Della Santa Stefano
5. Echave Musatadi Federico - 1995 : positive control (sanction not known)
6. Unzaga Bombin Jon
7. Fernandez Gines Manuel
8. Olano Abraham - 1994 : positive control ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
9. Pena Miguel Angel

Artiach

12 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,25 per year

11. Clavero Sebastian Daniel - 1998 : blood test ; 2001 : police investigation
12. Garcia Casas Felix Manuel
13. Garcia Espana Ramon
14. Rodrigues Gomes Orlando Sergio
15. Garcia Garcia Jose-manuel
16. Pascual Soler Manuel
17. Saitov Asiate
18. Sanchez Garcia Antonio
19. Santamaria Gonzales Jose-luis

Banesto

44 years of existence, 29 cases, ie 0,66 per year

21. Uriarte José-ramon
22. Casero Angel - 1996 : positive control (no penalty)
23. Garcia Marquina David
24. Alonso Marino
25. Nijboer Erwin
26. Miranda Carmelo
27. Gonzalez Arrieta José-ramon
28. Montoya Alarcon Jesus
29. Aparicio Vicente

Carrera

21 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 0,48 per year

31. Pantani Marco - 1993 : medical control (sanction not known) ; 1995 : medical control + poursuites judiciaires ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 1999 : blood test ; 2001 : in the act
32. Sierra Leonardo
33. Rossi Remo
34. Luttenberger Peter
35. Mantovan Mario
36. Artunghi Marco
37. Simeoni Filippo - 1993 : confessions in 1999 (no penalty) ; 2001 : positive control
38. Cembali Stefano
39. Chiesa Mario - 1993 : police investigation (no penalty)

Castellblanch

41. Anguita Hinojosa Eleuterio
42. Cerezo Perales Francisco
43. Cordes Tom
44. Uria Gonzales José-manuel
45. Espinosa Jose-antonio - 1993 : positive control (sanction not known)
46. Irusta Sampedro Alfredoo
47. Maya Carlos - 2005 : positive control
48. Moller Claus Michael - 1999 : positive control
49. Wust Marcel

Chazal

51. Bernard Jean-françois
52. Arroyo Miguel
53. Bourgeot Jean-pierre
54. Chanteur Pascal - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
55. Delbove Jimmy
56. Delion Gilles
57. Locatelli Martial
58. Louviot Philippe
59. Cornillet Bruno

Euskadi

61. Ajuria Gordon Ibon
62. Cuesta Lopez De Castro Inigo
63. Elissalde Thierry
64. Goenetxea Sasiain Asier
65. Gonzales De Galdeano Alvaro - 2000 : positive control ; 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
66. Gonzalez Salvador Juan-carlos
67. Gonzalez De Heredia Inigo
68. Laiseka Jaoi Roberto
69. Lezaun-zubiria Roberto

Gan

67 years of existence, 75 cases, ie 1,12 per year

71. Aubier Nicolas - 1996 : confessions in 1997 (no penalty)
72. Colotti Jean-claude
73. Rous Didier - 1998 : analyses sang, urine, cheveux et aveux en 1998
74. Deramé Pascal
75. Gouvenou Thierry
76. Lance Pascal
77. Pretot Arnaud
78. Seigneur Eddy
79. Vasseur Cédric

Gewiss

5 years of existence, 13 cases, ie 2,6 per year

81. Bobrik Vladislav
82. Brignoli Ermanno - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : in the act
83. Cerioli Ivan
84. Furlan Giorgio - 1999 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 2000 : blood test (sanction not known)
85. Minali Nicola - 1997 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
86. Odriozola Mugarza Jon - 1997 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
87. Riis Bjarne - 198x : confessions in 2010 (no penalty) ; 1993 : confessions in 2007 ; 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
88. Ugrumov Piotr - 1995 : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
89. Zanini Stefano - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : in the act

Kelme

36 years of existence, 27 cases, ie 0,75 per year

91. Benitez Esbri Francisco
92. Cabello Francisco - 1994 : positive control (5 times)
93. Dominguez Juan-carlos - 1998 : blood test ; 2006 : blood test
94. Farfan Pulido Jose Martin - 1989 : positive control (sanction not known)
95. Garcia Camacho Ignacio
96. Rodriguez Garcia José
97. Sanchez De La Rocha José-luis
98. Serrano Rodriguez Marcos-antonio - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
99. Vidal Jose-angel

Festina

12 years of existence, 31 cases, ie 2,58 per year

101. Virenque Richard - 1994 : confessions in 2000 ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair (sanction not known) ; 1999 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 1999 : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
102. Hervé Pascal - 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 2000 (sanction not known) ; 2001 : positive control
103. Robin Jean-cyril - 199x : confessions in 2004 (sanction not known)
104. Tebaldi Valerio
105. Torres Roberto
106. Arenas Gonzalez Juan-rodrigo
107. Plaza David
108. Laukka Joona
109. Goubert Stéphane

Motorola

16 years of existence, 4 cases, ie 0,25 per year

111. Andreu Frankie - 1995 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
112. Livingston Kevin - 1999 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1997 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
113. Hincapie George - 1996 : confessions in 2012
114. Mejia Alvaro - 1987 : positive control
115. Merckx Axel - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
116. Ozers Kaspar
117. Peron Andrea - 2001 : in the act (no penalty) ; 2004 : in the act (no penalty) ; 2011 : positive control (sanction not known)
118. Weltz Johnny - 2000 : confessions in 2015 (no penalty)
119. Zamana Cezary - 1999 : positive control

Novell

121. Abdoujaparov Djamolidine - 1989 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control
122. Boogerd Michael - 2005 : confessions in 2013
123. Bouwmans Eddy
124. Ekimov Viatcheslav
125. Mulders Rob
126. Ozols Dainis
127. Teutenberg Sven
128. Van Hooydonck Edwig
129. Vogels Henk (aus)

ONCE

18 years of existence, 19 cases, ie 1,06 per year

131. Bruyneel Johan - 199x : judicial investigation
132. Diaz Zabala Herminio
133. Sierra Roberto
134. Jalabert Laurent - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
135. Leanizbarrutia Alberto
136. Mauri Melchior
137. Rincon Quintana Oliveiro
138. Stephens Neil - 1998 : analyses sang, urine, cheveux, aveux en 1998 (sanction not known)
139. Zülle Alex - 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)

Polti

18 years of existence, 8 cases, ie 0,44 per year

141. Chaurreau Inigo
142. Gianetti Mauro - 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
143. Gualdi Mirko
144. Crepaldi Mirko - 2018 : police investigation (sanction not known)
145. Ouchakov Sergueï - 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
146. Pellicioli Oscar
147. Pianegonda Gianluca
148. Pistore Roberto
149. Scirea Mario - 2004 : in the act

Mercatone Uno

151. Bartoli Michele - 2006 : police investigation (no penalty)
152. Borghi Ruggero
153. Biasci Simone - 200x : positive control
154. Fornaciari Paolo
155. Poli Eros - 1986 : positive control
156. Fina Rosario
157. Calcaterra Giuseppe - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
158. Petito Giuseppe
159. Politano Antonio

Porcelena Santa Clara

4 years of existence, 1 case, ie 0,25 per year

161. Gainetdinov Romes
162. Gilabert Franch Jordi
163. Pascual Rodriguez Javier - 2003 : positive control
164. Rodriguez Gil Manuel
165. Santamarta Eloy
166. Tcherkachine Dimitri
167. Jarque Jose-francisco
168. Aiarzaguena Urkidi Inaki
169. Zintchenko Andrei

Sicasal

171. Abreu Campos Manuel
172. Andersson Michel
173. Gamito Vitor Manuel
174. Gomes Joaquim
175. Pinho Olivero Carlos
176. Carneiro Carlos
177. Amorim Valada Gonçalo-josé
178. Vieira De Araujo Serafim
179. Felgueiras Ricardo

Telekom

23 years of existence, 40 cases, ie 1,74 per year

181. Aldag Rolf - 1995 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
182. Audehm Gerd
183. Dietz Bert - 1994 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
184. Henn Christian - 1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control
185. Hundertmarck Kai
186. Kummer Mario - 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
187. Ullrich Jan - 1997 : confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (no penalty) ; 2002 : positive control ; 2005 : judicial investigation
188. Wesemann Steffen
189. Zabel Erik - 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1996 : confessions in 2007 and 2013 ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)

TVM

191. Blijlevens Jeroen - 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry and confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
192. Hoffman Tristan
193. Meinert-nielsen Peter - 1993 : positive control
194. Van Petegem Peter - 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
195. Meier Roland - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : positive control
196. Thebes Raymond
197. Knaven Servais - 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
198. Skibby Jesper - 1990 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1991 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1992 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
199. Van Steen Martin



See also