Tour of Spain 1991 : the real numbers of doping

Departure to the land of Miguel Indurain
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Last update 01/11/2023 - cyclisme-dopage.com

Statistics

The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.

Teams Riders Pinned Top 10 Pinned Podium Pinned
Gatorade 9 5 0 0 0 0
Banesto 9 2 1 1 1 1
Buckler 9 3 1 1 0 0
Carrera 9 5 0 0 0 0
Clas 9 2 2 1 0 0
Lotus 9 2 0 0 0 0
Panasonic 9 3 0 0 0 0
Paternina 9 1 0 0 0 0
PDM 9 2 1 0 0 0
Telekom 9 3 0 0 0 0
Tulip 9 1 0 0 0 0
TVM 9 3 0 0 0 0
Amaya 9 3 1 0 0 0
Artiach 9 0 0 0 0 0
Kelme 9 3 1 0 0 0
Puertas Mavisa 9 0 0 0 0 0
ONCE 9 2 2 1 2 1
Seur 9 2 1 1 0 0
Wigarma 9 0 0 0 0 0
RMO 9 2 0 0 0 0
Ryalcao 9 1 0 0 0 0
Sicasal 9 1 0 0 0 0
Total 198 46 10 5 3 2
Pourcentage 23% 50% 67%

Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.

Other data :


The official ranking

Ranking source : www.tour-giro-vuelta.net (16/10/2010)

  1. Mauri Melchior in 82h48'07''
  2. Indurain Miguel at 0h02'52'' Yellow card 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
  3. Lejarreta Marino at 0h03'11'' Red card 1985 : positive control
  4. Echave Musatadi Federico at 0h03'54'' Yellow card 1995 : positive control (sanction not known)
  5. Parra Fabio at 0h05'38''
  6. Ruiz Cabestany Pello at 0h06'50''
  7. Alcala Gallegos Raul at 0h06'57''
  8. Ugrumov Piotr at 0h10'43'' Yellow card 1995 : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
  9. Rooks Steven at 0h12'09'' Yellow card 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty) ; 1989 : confessions in 1998 & 2009 (no penalty)
  10. Rincon Quintana Oliveiro at 0h12'11''
  11. Chozas Eduardo at 0h14'07''
  12. Cordes Tom at 0h14'35''
  13. Herrera Luis at 0h16'36''
  14. Gaston Crespi Inaki at 0h17'06''
  15. Cubino Laudelino at 0h17'12'' Yellow card 1993 : positive control (sanction not known)
  16. Unzaga Bombin Jon at 0h20'54''
  17. Bolts Udo at 0h22'09'' Yellow card 1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
  18. Giovannetti Marco at 0h22'57''
  19. Ivanov Ivan at 0h24'57''
  20. Martinez De Guerenu Fernando at 0h25'30''
  21. Mauleon Javier at 0h27'42''
  22. Mejia Alvaro at 0h28'00'' Red card 1987 : positive control
  23. Montoya Alarcon Jesus at 0h28'54''
  24. Ridaura Sebastian Vicente-juan at 0h29'27''
  25. Moncada Guiza Gerardo at 0h30'05''
  26. Cardenas Ordus Henry at 0h31'11''
  27. Hernandez Calvo Santos at 0h32'36''
  28. Skibby Jesper at 0h32'55'' Yellow card 1990 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1991 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1992 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
  29. Mora Zarate Nestor at 0h32'56''
  30. De Vries Gerrit at 0h34'46''
  31. Rodriguez Garcia José at 0h35'29''
  32. Van De Laer Jim at 0h35'56''
  33. Sierra Pena Alvaro at 0h36'14''
  34. Martinez Guttierez Juan-thomas at 0h38'03''
  35. Lino Pascal at 0h42'15'' Red card 1993 : positive control ; 1996 : judicial investigation and confessions (no penalty) ; 1999 : confessions in 1999
  36. Blanco Villar Jesus at 0h43'02''
  37. Roosen Luc at 0h44'22''
  38. Rondon Vasquez Abelardo at 0h46'48''
  39. Rodriguez Rodrig. Jesus at 0h47'03''
  40. Rodriguez Magro Jesus at 0h48'46''
  41. Bouwmans Eddy at 0h49'13''
  42. Diaz Zabala Herminio at 0h49'33''
  43. Raab Uwe at 0h52'33'' Yellow card 1991 : confessions in 1996 (no penalty)
  44. Leanizbarrutia Alberto at 0h53'11''
  45. Freitas De Paiva Cassio at 0h56'40'' Red card 2002 : positive control
  46. Manin Christophe at 0h56'53''
  47. Bontempi Guido at 0h57'06'' Red card 1987 : positive control ; 1993 : police investigation
  48. Weltz Johnny at 0h58'43'' Yellow card 2000 : confessions in 2015 (no penalty)
  49. Miranda Carmelo at 0h59'23''
  50. Van Orsouw Marc at 1h02'30'' Yellow card 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
  51. Elliott Malcolm at 1h03'31'' Yellow card 1992 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
  52. Gonzales Arsenio at 1h05'22''
  53. Farfan Pulido Jose Martin at 1h05'53'' Yellow card 1989 : positive control (sanction not known)
  54. Pavlic Yure at 1h06'08''
  55. Gainetdinov Romes at 1h06'42''
  56. Alonso Marino at 1h06'49''
  57. Rayner David at 1h08'00''
  58. Pedrero Serrano José at 1h08'09''
  59. Morales Gonzales Pedro-saul at 1h08'24''
  60. Villanueva Jose-luis at 1h08'36''
  61. Aja Enrique at 1h11'51''
  62. Leclerc Roland at 1h12'56'' Red card 1989 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 199x : confessions in 2002
  63. Brun Frédéric at 1h13'13''
  64. Guillen Gonzalez Juan at 1h13'44''
  65. Da Silva Acacio at 1h13'56'' Red card 1984 : positive control
  66. Pulnikov Vladimir at 1h14'25''
  67. Rincon Murga Pablo-enrique at 1h16'38''
  68. Romero Ruiz Juan at 1h17'38''
  69. Palacios Navarro William De Jesus at 1h19'17''
  70. Sanchis Tormo Jose-salvador at 1h19'56''
  71. Van Der Poel Adrie at 1h22'06'' Red card 1983 : positive control ; 1984 : positive control ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
  72. Da Silva Rodrigues Quintino Rodrigues at 1h22'21''
  73. Kajzer Daryusz at 1h23'50''
  74. Neves Da Silva Americo at 1h23'52''
  75. Maechler Erich at 1h26'26''
  76. Ripoll Jover José-andres at 1h27'48''
  77. Ouslamine Serguei at 1h28'04''
  78. Diaz Rodriguez Antonio-miguel at 1h30'27''
  79. Puttini Felice at 1h32'30''
  80. Dominguez Diaz Manuel-jorge at 1h32'38'' Red card 1992 : positive control
  81. Hilse Peter at 1h33'33''
  82. Anton Renart Miguel-angel at 1h34'11''
  83. Talen John at 1h34'31''
  84. Gutierrez Gutierrez Alfonso at 1h37'46''
  85. Arntz Marcel at 1h38'21''
  86. Manuylov Yuri at 1h38'34''
  87. Tebaldi Valerio at 1h39'44''
  88. Carlos Arribas Gallego Juan at 1h39'56''
  89. Jdanov Vassili at 1h40'00''
  90. Torres Roberto at 1h40'31''
  91. Van Den Akker John at 1h40'35''
  92. Martinez Fernandez Juan-josé at 1h42'25''
  93. Sanchez Valencia José-antonio at 1h46'26''
  94. Guijarro Domenech Manuel at 1h48'15''
  95. Cabello Francisco at 1h49'36'' Red card 1994 : positive control (5 times)
  96. Henn Christian at 1h49'59'' Red card 1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control
  97. Lubberding Henk at 1h50'59''
  98. Esnault Patrice at 1h51'46''
  99. Mota Dos Santos Fernando at 1h51'55''
  100. Iglesias Guerrero Miguel-angel at 1h52'11''
  101. Vanderaerden Eric at 1h52'35''
  102. Kummer Mario at 1h52'45'' Yellow card 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
  103. Carballeda Javier at 1h55'04''
  104. Siemons Jan at 1h59'04''
  105. Scirea Mario at 2h03'05'' Red card 2004 : in the act
  106. Van Poppel Jean-paul at 2h05'05''
  107. Vieira De Araujo Serafim at 2h05'06''
  108. Mazon Blanco Bernardo at 2h05'57''
  109. Hernandez Carlos at 2h07'19''
  110. Beuker Rene at 2h08'31''
  111. Woods Dean at 2h11'05''
  112. Ducrot Maarten at 2h13'32'' Yellow card 1982 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known) ; 1990 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
  113. Jakobs Gert at 2h23'46'' Red card 1989 : confessions in 2009 (no penalty) ; 1991 : positive control
  114. Hermans Mathieu at 2h28'44'' Yellow card 1989 : confessions in 2009 (no penalty)
  115. Fidanza Giovanni at 2h30'35''

Red card reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
Yellow card reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction


The alternative ranking

The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.

  1. Mauri Melchior
  2. Parra Fabio
  3. Ruiz Cabestany Pello
  4. Alcala Gallegos Raul
  5. Rincon Quintana Oliveiro
  6. Chozas Eduardo
  7. Cordes Tom
  8. Herrera Luis
  9. Gaston Crespi Inaki
  10. Unzaga Bombin Jon
  11. Giovannetti Marco
  12. Ivanov Ivan
  13. Martinez De Guerenu Fernando
  14. Mauleon Javier
  15. Montoya Alarcon Jesus
  16. Ridaura Sebastian Vicente-juan
  17. Moncada Guiza Gerardo
  18. Cardenas Ordus Henry
  19. Hernandez Calvo Santos
  20. Mora Zarate Nestor
  21. De Vries Gerrit
  22. Rodriguez Garcia José
  23. Van De Laer Jim
  24. Sierra Pena Alvaro
  25. Martinez Guttierez Juan-thomas
  26. Blanco Villar Jesus
  27. Roosen Luc
  28. Rondon Vasquez Abelardo
  29. Rodriguez Rodrig. Jesus
  30. Rodriguez Magro Jesus
  31. Bouwmans Eddy
  32. Diaz Zabala Herminio
  33. Leanizbarrutia Alberto
  34. Manin Christophe
  35. Miranda Carmelo
  36. Gonzales Arsenio
  37. Pavlic Yure
  38. Gainetdinov Romes
  39. Alonso Marino
  40. Rayner David
  41. Pedrero Serrano José
  42. Morales Gonzales Pedro-saul
  43. Villanueva Jose-luis
  44. Aja Enrique
  45. Brun Frédéric
  46. Guillen Gonzalez Juan
  47. Pulnikov Vladimir
  48. Rincon Murga Pablo-enrique
  49. Romero Ruiz Juan
  50. Palacios Navarro William De Jesus
  51. Sanchis Tormo Jose-salvador
  52. Da Silva Rodrigues Quintino Rodrigues
  53. Kajzer Daryusz
  54. Neves Da Silva Americo
  55. Maechler Erich
  56. Ripoll Jover José-andres
  57. Ouslamine Serguei
  58. Diaz Rodriguez Antonio-miguel
  59. Puttini Felice
  60. Hilse Peter
  61. Anton Renart Miguel-angel
  62. Talen John
  63. Gutierrez Gutierrez Alfonso
  64. Arntz Marcel
  65. Manuylov Yuri
  66. Tebaldi Valerio
  67. Carlos Arribas Gallego Juan
  68. Jdanov Vassili
  69. Torres Roberto
  70. Van Den Akker John
  71. Martinez Fernandez Juan-josé
  72. Sanchez Valencia José-antonio
  73. Guijarro Domenech Manuel
  74. Lubberding Henk
  75. Esnault Patrice
  76. Mota Dos Santos Fernando
  77. Iglesias Guerrero Miguel-angel
  78. Vanderaerden Eric
  79. Carballeda Javier
  80. Siemons Jan
  81. Van Poppel Jean-paul
  82. Vieira De Araujo Serafim
  83. Mazon Blanco Bernardo
  84. Hernandez Carlos
  85. Beuker Rene
  86. Woods Dean
  87. Fidanza Giovanni


The list of participants

The list of participants by team

Gatorade

1. Giovannetti Marco
2. Fidanza Giovanni
3. Kummer Mario Yellow card 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
4. Volpi Alberto Yellow card 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1997 : absence to control (no penalty)
5. Schur Jan
6. Tebaldi Valerio
7. Scirea Mario Red card 2004 : in the act
8. Santaromita Mauro-antonio Red card 1997 : blood test ; 199x : blood test (no penalty)
9. Manzoni Mario Red card 1998 : blood test

Banesto

44 years of existence, 29 cases, ie 0,66 per year

11. Indurain Miguel Yellow card 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
12. Gorospe Julian Red card 1984 : positive control
13. Philipot Fabrice
14. Rodriguez Magro Jesus
15. Alonso Marino
16. Rondon Vasquez Abelardo
17. Mujika Aramburu Jokin
18. Uriarte José-ramon
19. Santamaria Gonzales Jose-luis

Buckler

40 years of existence, 25 cases, ie 0,63 per year

21. Nijdam Jelle
22. Rooks Steven Yellow card 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty) ; 1989 : confessions in 1998 & 2009 (no penalty)
23. Vanderaerden Eric
24. Winnen Peter Yellow card 1986 : confessions in 1998 (no penalty)
25. De Vries Gerrit
26. Robeet Patrick
27. Rayner David
28. Poels Twan
29. De Clercq Mario Red card 2004 : judicial investigation

Carrera

21 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 0,48 per year

31. Bontempi Guido Red card 1987 : positive control ; 1993 : police investigation
32. Maechler Erich
33. Giupponi Flavio Red card 1988 : absence to control
34. Sciandri Maximilian Yellow card 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
35. Pulnikov Vladimir
36. Chiesa Mario Yellow card 1993 : police investigation (no penalty)
37. Pavlic Yure
38. Puttini Felice
39. Henn Christian Red card 1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control

Clas

6 years of existence, 2 cases, ie 0,33 per year

41. Echave Musatadi Federico Yellow card 1995 : positive control (sanction not known)
42. Gaston Crespi Inaki
43. Ruiz Cabestany Pello
44. Leanizbarrutia Alberto
45. Gonzales Arsenio
46. Mauleon Javier
47. Dominguez Diaz Manuel-jorge Red card 1992 : positive control
48. Camarillo Angel
49. Gonzalo Guirao Victor

Lotus

12 years of existence, 31 cases, ie 2,58 per year

51. Manuylov Yuri
52. Da Silva Acacio Red card 1984 : positive control
53. Blanco Villar Jesus
54. Torres Roberto
55. Gainetdinov Romes
56. Hernandez Carlos
57. Martinez Guttierez Juan-thomas
58. Hermans Mathieu Yellow card 1989 : confessions in 2009 (no penalty)
59. Suykerbuyk Luc

Panasonic

20 years of existence, 9 cases, ie 0,45 per year

61. Planckaert Eddy Red card 1988 : positive control ; 1991 : confessions in 1998 (no penalty)
62. Van Lancker Eric
63. Van Orsouw Marc Yellow card 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
64. Ludwig Olaf Red card 2006 : police investigation
65. De Koning Louis
66. Zen Marco
67. Bouwmans Eddy
68. Lubberding Henk
69. Hanegraaf Jaak

Paternina

71. Carballeda Javier
72. Aja Enrique
73. Dekker Dick
74. Beuker Rene
75. Laguia Martinez José-luis Red card 1983 : positive control
76. Murua Inaki
77. Carvalho Oliveira Fernando
78. Gutierrez Gutierrez Alfonso
79. Mazon Blanco Bernardo

PDM

7 years of existence, 16 cases, ie 2,29 per year

81. Alcala Gallegos Raul
82. Raab Uwe Yellow card 1991 : confessions in 1996 (no penalty)
83. Cordes Tom
84. Talen John
85. Van Poppel Jean-paul
86. Van Den Akker John
87. Vos John
88. Jakobs Gert Red card 1989 : confessions in 2009 (no penalty) ; 1991 : positive control
89. Durst Thomas

Telekom

23 years of existence, 40 cases, ie 1,74 per year

91. Bolts Udo Yellow card 1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
92. Kajzer Daryusz
93. Wolf Carsten Red card 1994 : positive control ; 1998 : positive control
94. Arntz Marcel
95. Groene Bernd
96. Schleicher Markus
97. Nijboer Erwin
98. Freuler Urs Red card 1990 : positive control ; 1991 : positive control
99. Woods Dean

Tulip

15 years of existence, 11 cases, ie 0,73 per year

101. Van Der Poel Adrie Red card 1983 : positive control ; 1984 : positive control ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
102. Roosen Luc
103. Kools Adrie
104. Rogiers Rudy
105. Van De Laer Jim
106. Patry Rudy
107. Jentzsch Olaf
108. Zanoli Michel
109. Pieters Peter

TVM

25 years of existence, 30 cases, ie 1,2 per year

111. Konyshev Dimitri
112. Jdanov Vassili
113. Skibby Jesper Yellow card 1990 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1991 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty) ; 1992 : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
114. Siemons Jan
115. Muller Jörg (sui) Yellow card 1987 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
116. Sunderland Scott
117. Ouslamine Serguei
118. Barth Thomas
119. Ducrot Maarten Yellow card 1982 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known) ; 1990 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)

Amaya

15 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 0,67 per year

121. Cubino Laudelino Yellow card 1993 : positive control (sanction not known)
122. Parra Fabio
123. Montoya Alarcon Jesus
124. Murguialday Javier
125. Romero Ruiz Juan
126. Leclerc Roland Red card 1989 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 199x : confessions in 2002
127. Esnault Patrice
128. Pedersen Per Yellow card 199x : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
129. Antequera Francisco

Artiach

12 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,25 per year

131. Llach Joaquim
132. Sanchez Martinez Mariano
133. Ridaura Sebastian Vicente-juan
134. Carlos Arribas Gallego Juan
135. Neves Da Silva Americo
136. Miranda Carmelo
137. Sanchez Valencia José-antonio
138. Anton Renart Miguel-angel
139. Ruiz Santamaria Eduardo

Kelme

141. Rincon Quintana Oliveiro
142. Mora Zarate Nestor
143. Buenahora Hernan Red card 2006 : positive control ; 2008 : positive control
144. Farfan Pulido Jose Martin Yellow card 1989 : positive control (sanction not known)
145. Morales Gonzales Pedro-saul
146. Rota Munoz Ramon-antonio
147. Cabello Francisco Red card 1994 : positive control (5 times)
148. Diaz Rodriguez Antonio-miguel
149. Saitov Asiate

Puertas Mavisa

4 years of existence, 0 cases, ie 0 per year

151. Iglesias Guerrero Miguel-angel
152. Gonzalez Salvador Juan-carlos
153. Rodriguez Rodrig. Jesus
154. Guijarro Domenech Manuel
155. Pedrero Serrano José
156. Moran Cabrera José-luis
157. Martinez De Guerenu Fernando
158. Lorenzana Becerra Rafael
159. Guillen Gonzalez Juan

ONCE

18 years of existence, 19 cases, ie 1,06 per year

161. Fuerte Abelenda Anselmo
162. Lejarreta Marino Red card 1985 : positive control
163. Chozas Eduardo
164. Diaz Zabala Herminio
165. Diaz De Otazu Luis-maria
166. Hernandez Calvo Santos
167. Mauri Melchior
168. Villanueva Jose-luis
169. Weltz Johnny Yellow card 2000 : confessions in 2015 (no penalty)

Seur

24 years of existence, 6 cases, ie 0,25 per year

171. Moreno Rebollo Pablo
172. Elliott Malcolm Yellow card 1992 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
173. Hilse Peter
174. Unzaga Bombin Jon
175. Klimov Viktor
176. Ugrumov Piotr Yellow card 1995 : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
177. Ivanov Ivan
178. Rodriguez Garcia José
179. Sanchis Tormo Jose-salvador

Wigarma

2 years of existence, 0 cases, ie 0 per year

181. Cordoba Asensi Roberto
182. Navarro Martinez José-luis
183. Martin Perez Jesus-cruz
184. Esparza Sanz Antonio
185. Sarrapio Angel-josé
186. Carrera Alvarez José-enrique
187. Martinez Fernandez Juan-josé
188. Ripoll Jover José-andres
189. Ochaita Sanz Francisco Julian

RMO

7 years of existence, 5 cases, ie 0,71 per year

191. Lino Pascal Red card 1993 : positive control ; 1996 : judicial investigation and confessions (no penalty) ; 1999 : confessions in 1999
192. Claveyrolat Thierry Yellow card 1986 : police control (no penalty)
193. Manin Christophe
194. Brun Frédéric
195. Dojwa Jean-philippe
196. Rezze Dante
197. Ribeiro Mauro
198. Wust Marcel
199. Jonrond Jean-luc

Ryalcao

11 years of existence, 2 cases, ie 0,18 per year

201. Mejia Alvaro Red card 1987 : positive control
202. Vargas Restrepo Oscar
203. Palacios Navarro William De Jesus
204. Jaramillo Meza Carlos-maria
205. Herrera Luis
206. Moncada Guiza Gerardo
207. Sierra Pena Alvaro
208. Hernandez Riano Omar-pablo
209. Cardenas Ordus Henry

Sicasal

10 years of existence, 0 cases, ie 0 per year

211. Pinto De Castro Antonio Joachim
212. Corredor Alvarez Edgar
213. Da Silva Rodrigues Quintino Rodrigues
214. Freitas De Paiva Cassio Red card 2002 : positive control
215. Rincon Murga Pablo-enrique
216. Pinto De Oliveira Paulo
217. Araujo Cesar Carlos
218. Vieira De Araujo Serafim
219. Mota Dos Santos Fernando

Red card reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
Yellow card reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction


See also