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Giro d'Italia 1998 : the real numbers of doping |
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The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.
Teams | Riders | Pinned | Top 10 | Pinned | Podium | Pinned |
Saeco Macchine da caffè - Cannondale | 9 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Amore & Vita - Forzacore | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Asics - CGA | 9 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Ballan | 9 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Brescialat - Liquigas | 9 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Cantina Tollo - Alexia Alluminio | 9 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Casino - AG2R | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Festina - Lotus | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Kelme - Costa Blanca | 9 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Mapei - Bricobi | 9 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
Mercatone Uno - Bianchi | 9 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Riso Scotti - MG Maglificio | 9 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Ros Mary - Amica Chips | 9 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Scrigno - Gaerne | 9 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Polti | 9 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
TVM - Farm Frites | 9 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Vini Caldirola - Longoni Sport | 9 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Vitalicio Seguros - Grupo Generali | 9 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 162 | 78 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 2 |
Pourcentage | 48% | 80% | 67% |
Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.
Other data :
Ranking source : www.procyclingstats.com (05/09/2020)
The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.
The list of participants by team
15 years of existence, 20 cases, ie 1,33 per year
1. Gotti Ivan - 1998 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 2001 : in the act
2. Cipollini Mario - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
3. Fagnini Gianmatteo
4. Calcaterra Giuseppe - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
5. Frigo Dario - 1996 : confessions in 2001 (sanction not known) ; 2001 : confessions in 2001 ; 2005 : judicial investigation and confessions
6. Padrnos Pavel - 2001 : in the act (sanction not known)
7. Piepoli Leonardo - 2007 : positive control (2 times) ; 2008 : positive control (2 times)
8. Savoldelli Paolo - 2005 : disciplinary investigation
9. Scirea Mario - 2004 : in the act
33 years of existence, 9 cases, ie 0,27 per year
11. Magnusson Glenn
12. Andriotto Dario - 2001 : in the act (no penalty)
13. Giacomelli Sandro
14. De Pasquale Maurizio
15. Zucchi Simone
16. White Matthew - 1998 : positive control ; 2003 : confessions in 2012
17. Patuelli Andrea
18. Leporatti Simone
19. Profeti Federico
3 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 1 per year
21. Bartoli Michele - 2006 : police investigation (no penalty)
22. Bettini Paolo
23. Noe Andrea
24. Shefer Alexandre
25. Scinto Luca
26. Colonna Federico
27. Coppolillo Michele - 1999 : positive control (no penalty)
28. Tani David - 2006 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 200x : confessions in 2005 (sanction not known)
29. Bianchi Carlo Marino
9 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 1,11 per year
31. Cattai Stefano
32. Colombo Gabriele
33. Finco Carlo
34. Gontchenkov Alexandre
35. Leoni Endrio - 2001 : in the act ; 2002 : positive control
36. Loda Nicola - 1999 : positive control (no penalty)
37. Canzonieri Angelo
38. Tronca Amilcare
39. Ugrumov Piotr - 1995 : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
13 years of existence, 2 cases, ie 0,15 per year
41. Zaina Enrico
42. Sgambelluri Roberto - 2002 : positive control
43. Piccoli Mariano - 1999 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (no penalty) ; 2005 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 2010 : police investigation ; 201x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
44. Serpellini Marco - 2005 : police investigation (sanction not known)
45. Della Vedova Marco
46. Mason Oscar - 1998 : positive control
47. Rastelli Ellis - 1996 : fraud (sanction not known)
48. Bruseghin Marzio - 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
49. Raimondi Gian Carlo
12 years of existence, 16 cases, ie 1,33 per year
51. Baronti Alessandro - 2003 : positive control
52. Di Renzo Marco-antonio
53. Simoni Gilberto - 1998 : blood test ; 2002 : positive control (no penalty) ; 2002 : positive control (no penalty)
54. Honchar Sergei - 1999 : blood test ; 2007 : blood test
55. Hvastija Martin - 2001 : in the act
56. Magnani Marco - 1998 : blood test ; 2001 : judicial investigation
57. Mazzanti Luca
58. Pierdomenico Germano
59. Strazzer Massimo - 2001 : positive control (no penalty)
31 years of existence, 17 cases, ie 0,55 per year
61. Richard Pascal
62. Rodriguez Gil Manuel
63. Saligari Marco
64. Streel Marc - 1999 : blood test
65. Kasputis Arturas
66. Bessy Frédéric
67. Gougot Fabrice
68. Lefevre David
69. Cali Vincent - 199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
12 years of existence, 29 cases, ie 2,42 per year
71. Belli Wladimir
72. Kivilev Andrey
73. Boscardin Bruno
74. Garcia Casas Felix Manuel
75. Jeker Fabian
76. Meier Armin - 1998 : confessions in 1998 ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair
77. Wust Marcel
78. Zülle Alex - 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
79. Uriarte José-ramon
36 years of existence, 27 cases, ie 0,75 per year
81. Rubiera Vigil José-luis
82. Gonzalez-pico José-jaime - 2001 : in the act
83. Botero Santiago - 1999 : positive control ; 2002 : positive control (no penalty)
84. Gonzales Arsenio
85. Edo Angel - 1998 : blood test
86. Otxoa Javier - 1999 : positive control
87. Martin Perdiguero Miguel-angel
88. Gutierrez José-enrique
89. Sevilla Oscar - 2000 : positive control (no penalty) ; 2010 : positive control
30 years of existence, 26 cases, ie 0,87 per year
91. Tonkov Pavel - 1999 : blood test (sanction not known)
92. Bugno Gianni - 1994 : positive control ; 1997 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : in the act
93. Bramati Davide
94. Camenzind Oscar - 2004 : positive control
95. Codol Massimo - 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
96. Faresin Gianni - 2000 : blood test (sanction not known)
97. Lanfranchi Paolo
98. Missaglia Gabriele - 2001 : in the act (sanction not known) ; 2005 : police investigation (sanction not known)
99. Spruch Zbigniew
7 years of existence, 19 cases, ie 2,71 per year
101. Pantani Marco - 1993 : medical control (sanction not known) ; 1995 : medical control + poursuites judiciaires ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 1999 : blood test ; 2001 : in the act
102. Garzelli Stefano - 2002 : positive control
103. Conti Roberto - 2002 : in the act
104. Konyshev Dimitri
105. Podenzana Massimo - 1986 : positive control
106. Fontanelli Fabiano - 1996 : positive control ; 2001 : blood test
107. Forconi Riccardo - 1998 : positive control ; 2001 : positive control
108. Velo Marco - 1994 : positive control ; 1999 : positive control ; 2000 : positive control
109. Siboni Marcello - 2001 : in the act
7 years of existence, 8 cases, ie 1,14 per year
111. Minali Nicola - 1997 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
112. Baldato Fabio
113. Miceli Nicola - 1998 : blood test
114. Cenghialta Bruno - 199x : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
115. Brognara Andrea
116. Brignoli Ermanno - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : in the act
117. Bobrik Vladislav
118. Casagranda Stefano - 2000 : in the act
119. Palumbo Giuseppe
19 years of existence, 7 cases, ie 0,37 per year
121. Arazzi Francesco
122. Chiappucci Claudio - 1997 : blood test ; 1997 : blood test
123. De Paoli Daniele - 2001 : in the act
124. Finesso Stefano
125. Gelfi Luca
126. Molinari Maurizio
127. Puttini Felice
128. Tauler Antonio - 2006 : positive control ; 2010 : positive control (sanction not known)
129. Uria Gonzales José-manuel
41 years of existence, 16 cases, ie 0,39 per year
131. Conte Biagio
132. Casarotto Davide
133. Rossato Mirko
134. Petacchi Alessandro - 2007 : positive control ; 2012 : judicial investigation
135. Casagrande Filippo - 1999 : positive control (no penalty)
136. Vatteroni Andrea
137. Axelsson Niklas - 2001 : positive control + confessions ; 2009 : positive control
138. Duma Volodimyr
139. Secchiari Francesco
18 years of existence, 8 cases, ie 0,44 per year
141. Guerini Giuseppe
142. Cassani Enrico - 2003 : positive control
143. Valoti Gianluca
144. Gualdi Mirko
145. Guidi Fabrizio - 2005 : positive control (no penalty)
146. Leblanc Luc - 1994 : confessions in 2000 (no penalty) ; 1998 : confessions (no penalty)
147. Martinello Silvio
148. Rebellin Davide - 2008 : positive control
149. Salvato Cristian
25 years of existence, 27 cases, ie 1,08 per year
151. Andersson Michel
152. Blijlevens Jeroen - 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry and confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
153. Van Bondt Geert
154. Hoffman Tristan
155. Lafis Michel
156. Larsen Nicolay Bo - 2000 : blood test
157. Moller Claus Michael - 1999 : positive control
158. Ouchakov Sergueï - 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
159. Roux Laurent - 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : blood test ; 2001 : confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 2002 : unannounced positive control ; 2005 : in the act
27 years of existence, 13 cases, ie 0,48 per year
161. Faustini Stefano
162. Furlan Giorgio - 1999 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 2000 : blood test (sanction not known)
163. Apollonio Massimo - 1998 : blood test
164. Calzavara Leonardo
165. Radaelli Mauro
166. Sironi Gian-luca
167. Zanette Denis - 2001 : in the act (sanction not known)
168. Zanetti Mauro
169. Zanotti Marco
3 years of existence, 4 cases, ie 1,33 per year
171. Clavero Sebastian Daniel - 1998 : blood test ; 2001 : police investigation
172. Dominguez Juan-carlos - 1998 : blood test ; 2006 : blood test
173. Aparicio Vicente
174. Aggiano Elio
175. Ferrigato Andrea
176. Horrillo Munoz Pedro - 2007 : positive control (no penalty)
177. Buenahora Hernan - 2006 : positive control ; 2008 : positive control
178. Zintchenko Andrei
179. Smetanine Serguei