Giro d'Italia 2010 : the real numbers of doping

 Traduire en français


Last update 27/08/2025 - cyclisme-dopage.com

Statistics

The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.

Teams Riders Pinned Top 10 Pinned Podium Pinned
BMC Racing Team 9 1 1 0 0 0
Acqua & Sapone 9 6 0 0 0 0
AG2R La Mondiale 9 0 0 0 0 0
Androni Giocattoli - Diquigiovani 9 4 1 1 0 0
Astana 9 3 1 1 0 0
Bbox Bouygues Telecom 9 2 0 0 0 0
Caisse d'Epargne 9 2 1 0 1 0
Cervelo Test Team 9 1 1 0 0 0
Cofidis Le Credit en Ligne 9 0 0 0 0 0
Colnago - CSF Inox 9 2 0 0 0 0
Footon - Servetto 9 1 0 0 0 0
Garmin - Transitions 9 3 0 0 0 0
Lampre - Farnese Vini 9 5 0 0 0 0
Liquigas - Doimo 9 1 3 1 2 1
Omega Pharma - Lotto 9 0 0 0 0 0
Quick Step 9 2 0 0 0 0
Rabobank 9 2 0 0 0 0
Sky Professional Cycling Team 9 5 0 0 0 0
Team HTC - Columbia 9 1 1 0 0 0
Team Katusha 9 4 0 0 0 0
Team Milram 9 1 0 0 0 0
Team Saxo Bank 9 2 1 0 0 0
Total 198 48 10 3 3 1
Pourcentage 24% 30% 33%

Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.

Other data :


The official ranking

Ranking source : www.gazzetta.it (06/06/2010)

  1. Basso Ivan in 87h44'01'' Red card 2006 : confessions in 2007
  2. Arroyo Duran David at 0h01'51''
  3. Nibali Vincenzo at 0h02'37''
  4. Scarponi Michele at 0h02'50'' Red card 2006 : confessions in 2007 ; 2010 : confessions in 2012
  5. Evans Cadel at 0h03'27''
  6. Vinokourov Alexandre at 0h07'06'' Red card 2004 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 2007 : positive control ; 2010 : police investigation (no penalty)
  7. Porte Richie at 0h07'22''
  8. Sastre Carlos at 0h09'39''
  9. Pinotti Marco at 0h14'20''
  10. Kiserlovski Robert at 0h14'51''
  11. Cunego Damiano at 0h17'10'' Yellow card 2008 : too late at control (sanction not known)
  12. Mollema Bauke at 0h19'41''
  13. Gadret John at 0h23'03''
  14. Karpets Vladimir at 0h25'21'' Yellow card 2010 : police investigation (no penalty)
  15. Ardila Mauricio at 0h32'29'' Red card 2003 : positive control ; 2010 : police investigation (no penalty)
  16. Gerdemann Linus at 0h34'49''
  17. Cioni Dario at 0h36'44'' Red card 2004 : positive control
  18. Kruijswijk Steven at 0h37'27''
  19. Efimkin Alexander at 0h39'43''
  20. Dupont Hubert at 0h45'17''
  21. De Greef Francis at 0h50'08''
  22. Mayoz Extebarria Iban at 1h07'37''
  23. Voeckler Thomas at 1h10'16''
  24. Weening Pieter at 1h10'55''
  25. Miholjevic Vladimir at 1h11'10''
  26. Moreno Fernandez Daniel at 1h19'31''
  27. Sorensen Chris Anker at 1h19'34'' Red card 2009 : no location communication
  28. Trofimov Yuri at 1h19'58'' Red card 2016 : positive control
  29. Wegelius Charley at 1h20'05''
  30. Serpa Perez Jose Rodolfo at 1h24'28''
  31. Petrov Evgueni at 1h25'52'' Red card 2005 : positive control ; 2010 : police investigation (no penalty)
  32. Agnoli Valerio at 1h27'52''
  33. Didier Laurent at 1h31'36''
  34. Tschopp Johann at 1h34'31''
  35. Uran Rigoberto at 1h37'06''
  36. Bakelandts Jan at 1h37'40''
  37. Kiryienka Vasili at 1h42'55''
  38. Wyss Marcel at 1h44'55''
  39. Samoilav Branislav at 1h46'02''
  40. Wiggins Bradley at 1h47'58'' Yellow card 2012 : disciplinary investigation (no penalty)
  41. Amador Bipkazakova Andrei at 1h50'40''
  42. Jufre Pou Josep at 1h52'09''
  43. Codol Massimo at 1h53'45'' Yellow card 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
  44. Barry Michael at 1h55'13'' Red card 2003 : confessions in 2012
  45. Pozzato Filippo at 2h00'13'' Red card 2005 : disciplinary investigation
  46. Caruso Giampaolo at 2h02'47'' Red card 2003 : positive control ; 2005 : puerto scandal (no penalty) ; 2012 : positive control
  47. Sarmiento Tunarrosa Cayetano José at 2h03'49''
  48. Eibegger Markus at 2h04'20'' Red card 2006 : absence to control
  49. Righi Daniele at 2h08'58''
  50. Lloyd Matthew at 2h13'22''
  51. Rodriguez Ortizven Jackson Jesus at 2h13'32''
  52. Ochoa Carlos José at 2h14'39''
  53. Losada Alguacil Alberto at 2h14'54''
  54. Horrach Ripoll Joan at 2h15'29''
  55. Cummings Steven at 2h17'55''
  56. Tossato Mateo at 2h19'47''
  57. Martin Daniel at 2h20'53''
  58. Pineau Jérôme at 2h22'28''
  59. Larsson Gustav Erik at 2h23'07''
  60. Szmyd Sylwester at 2h27'19''
  61. Gustov Wladimir at 2h28'40'' Red card 2002 : positive control
  62. Zandio Echaide Xabier at 2h29'15''
  63. Duque Leonardo Fabio at 2h29'30''
  64. Lund Anders at 2h30'43''
  65. Failli Francesco at 2h30'45'' Red card 2020 : positive control
  66. Bertogliati Rubens at 2h33'16''
  67. Turpin Ludovic at 2h39'00''
  68. Moncoutie David at 2h40'00''
  69. Simoni Gilberto at 2h40'14'' Red card 1998 : blood test ; 2002 : positive control (no penalty) ; 2002 : positive control (no penalty)
  70. Grivko Andriy at 2h41'18''
  71. Lang Sebastian at 2h42'18''
  72. Sorensen Nicki at 2h42'22'' Yellow card 1999 : confessions in 2015 (no penalty) ; 2004 : confessions in 2015 (no penalty)
  73. Stortoni Simone at 2h45'07''
  74. Bisolti Alessandro at 2h45'11''
  75. Donati Alessandro at 2h53'33''
  76. Vanotti Alessandro at 2h58'53''
  77. Wurf Cameron at 3h03'44''
  78. Lewis Craig at 3h04'01''
  79. Mazzanti Luca at 3h04'07''
  80. Marzano Marco at 3h05'57''
  81. Stalder Florian at 3h09'00''
  82. Cusin Rémi at 3h09'45''
  83. Krivtsov Yuriy at 3h11'06''
  84. Russ Matthias at 3h12'43''
  85. Cuesta Lopez De Cas. Inigo at 3h12'44''
  86. Bono Matteo at 3h12'56''
  87. Kireyev Roman at 3h13'47''
  88. Henderson Gregory at 3h16'25''
  89. Monier Damien at 3h17'13''
  90. Brandle Matthias at 3h18'09''
  91. Dall'antonia Tiziano at 3h20'36''
  92. Stangelj Gorazd at 3h20'57'' Red card 2000 : positive control
  93. Arashiro Yukiya at 3h22'21''
  94. Klimov Serguei at 3h24'12''
  95. Bookwalter Brent at 3h27'09''
  96. Forster Robert at 3h29'44''
  97. Wyss Danilo at 3h32'33''
  98. Kriit Kalle at 3h34'05''
  99. Schär Michael at 3h34'30''
  100. Hinault Sébastien at 3h34'35''
  101. Sabatini Fabio at 3h34'42''
  102. Fothen Markus at 3h34'50'' Yellow card 2004 : positive control (no penalty)
  103. Lloyd Daniel at 3h35'19''
  104. Sijmens Nico at 3h39'35''
  105. Hayman Matthew at 3h40'04''
  106. Konovalovas Ignatas at 3h40'16''
  107. Marangoni Alan at 3h41'13''
  108. Velo Marco at 3h41'32'' Red card 1994 : positive control ; 1999 : positive control ; 2000 : positive control
  109. Stamsnijder Tom at 3h41'45''
  110. Le Floch Guillaume at 3h44'23''
  111. Elijzen Michiel at 3h45'11''
  112. Fischer Antonio Murilo at 3h48'11''
  113. Lastras Pablo at 3h48'23'' Yellow card 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
  114. King Edward at 3h50'57''
  115. Bertolini Alessandro at 3h51'50'' Yellow card 1997 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 2000 : blood test (sanction not known)
  116. Van Emden Jos at 3h53'24''
  117. Reynes Mimo Vicente at 3h54'35''
  118. Spezialetti Alessandro at 3h54'57'' Red card 2004 : in the act
  119. Fouchard Julien at 3h57'49''
  120. Pirazzi Stefano at 3h58'45'' Red card 2017 : positive control
  121. Facci Mauro at 3h59'42''
  122. Kaisen Olivier at 3h59'49''
  123. Albasini Michael at 4h01'06'' Red card 2005 : no location communication
  124. Roberts Luke at 4h03'02''
  125. Tuft Svein at 4h03'06''
  126. Engels Addy at 4h04'57''
  127. Bodnar Maciej at 4h05'53''
  128. Haedo Lucas Sebastian at 4h07'41''
  129. Morkov Christiansen Michael at 4h11'06''
  130. Brown Graeme Allen at 4h13'27''
  131. Ignatiev Mikhail at 4h13'51''
  132. Andriotto Dario at 4h15'17'' Yellow card 2001 : in the act (no penalty)
  133. Sutton Christopher at 4h15'24''
  134. Rabon Frantisek at 4h19'17''
  135. Flens Rick at 4h21'47''
  136. Gaudin Damien at 4h25'58''
  137. Meyer Cameron at 4h26'16''
  138. Frapporti Marco at 4h42'07'' Yellow card 2010 : police investigation (no penalty)
  139. Corti Marco at 4h48'55''

Red card reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
Yellow card reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction


The alternative ranking

The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.

  1. Arroyo Duran David
  2. Nibali Vincenzo
  3. Evans Cadel
  4. Porte Richard Julian
  5. Sastre Carlos
  6. Pinotti Marco
  7. Kiserlovski Robert
  8. Mollema Bauke
  9. Gadret John
  10. Gerdemann Linus
  11. Kruijswijk Steven
  12. Efimkin Alexander
  13. Dupont Hubert
  14. De Greef Francis
  15. Mayoz Extebarria Iban
  16. Voeckler Thomas
  17. Weening Pieter
  18. Miholjevic Vladimir
  19. Moreno Fernandez Daniel
  20. Wegelius Charley
  21. Serpa Perez Jose Rodolfo
  22. Agnoli Valerio
  23. Didier Laurent
  24. Tschopp Johann
  25. Uran Rigoberto
  26. Bakelandts Jan
  27. Kiryienka Vasili
  28. Wyss Marcel
  29. Samoilav Branislav
  30. Amador Bipkazakova Andrei
  31. Jufre Pou Josep
  32. Sarmiento Tunarrosa Cayetano José
  33. Righi Daniele
  34. Lloyd Matthew
  35. Rodriguez Ortizven Jackson Jesus
  36. Ochoa Carlos José
  37. Losada Alguacil Alberto
  38. Horrach Ripoll Joan
  39. Cummings Steven
  40. Tosatto Mauro Matteo
  41. Martin Daniel
  42. Pineau Jérôme
  43. Larsson Gustav Erik
  44. Szmyd Sylvester
  45. Zandio Echaide Xabier
  46. Duque Leonardo Fabio
  47. Lund Anders
  48. Bertogliati Rubens
  49. Turpin Ludovic
  50. Moncoutié David
  51. Grivko Andriy
  52. Lang Sebastian
  53. Stortoni Simone
  54. Bisolti Alessandro
  55. Donati Alessandro
  56. Vanotti Alessandro
  57. Wurf Cameron
  58. Lewis Craig
  59. Mazzanti Luca
  60. Marzano Marco
  61. Stalder Florian
  62. Cusin Rémi
  63. Krivtsov Yuriy
  64. Russ Matthias
  65. Cuesta Lopez De Castro Inigo
  66. Bono Matteo
  67. Kireyev Roman
  68. Henderson Gregory
  69. Monier Damien
  70. Brandle Matthias
  71. Dall'antonia Tiziano
  72. Arashiro Yukiya
  73. Klimov Serguei
  74. Bookwalter Brent
  75. Forster Robert
  76. Wyss Danilo
  77. Kriit Kalle
  78. Schär Michael
  79. Hinault Sébastien
  80. Sabatini Fabio
  81. Lloyd Daniel
  82. Sijmens Nico
  83. Hayman Matthew
  84. Konovalovas Ignatas
  85. Marangoni Alan
  86. Stamsnijder Tom
  87. Le Floch Guillaume
  88. Elijzen Michiel
  89. Fischer Antonio Murilo
  90. King Edward
  91. Van Emden Jos
  92. Reynes Mimo Vicente
  93. Fouchard Julien
  94. Facci Mauro
  95. Kaisen Olivier
  96. Roberts Luke
  97. Tuft Svein
  98. Engels Addy
  99. Bodnar Maciej
  100. Haedo Lucas Sebastian
  101. Morkov Christiansen Michael
  102. Brown Graeme Allen
  103. Ignatiev Mikhail
  104. Sutton Christopher
  105. Rabon Frantisek
  106. Flens Rick
  107. Gaudin Damien
  108. Meyer Cameron
  109. Corti Marco


The list of participants

The list of participants by team

BMC Racing Team

21 years of existence, 18 cases, ie 0,86 per year

1. Evans Cadel
2. Bookwalter Brent
3. Kohler Martin
4. Louder Jeff
5. Santambrogio Mauro Red card 2010 : affaire lampre (no penalty) ; 2013 : positive control ; 2014 : positive control ; 2019 : fausse déclaration
6. Murphy John
7. Schär Michael
8. Stalder Florian
9. Wyss Danilo

Acqua & Sapone

9 years of existence, 8 cases, ie 0,89 per year

11. Garzelli Stefano Red card 2002 : positive control
12. Andriotto Dario Yellow card 2001 : in the act (no penalty)
13. Codol Massimo Yellow card 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
14. Donati Alessandro
15. Failli Francesco Red card 2020 : positive control
16. Masciarelli Andrea Yellow card 2010 : police investigation (no penalty)
17. Masciarelli Francesco Yellow card 2010 : police investigation (no penalty)
18. Miholjevic Vladimir
19. Sarmiento Tunarrosa Cayetano José

AG2R La Mondiale

34 years of existence, 19 cases, ie 0,56 per year

21. Bonnafond Guillaume
22. Dupont Hubert
23. Efimkin Alexander
24. Gadret John
25. Hinault Sébastien
26. Krivtsov Yuriy
27. Mandri Rene
28. Ravard Anthony
29. Turpin Ludovic

Androni Giocattoli - Diquigiovani

31 years of existence, 28 cases, ie 0,9 per year

31. Scarponi Michele Red card 2006 : confessions in 2007 ; 2010 : confessions in 2012
32. Bertagnolli Leonardo Red card 2010 : police investigation (no penalty) ; 2012 : biological passport
33. Bertolini Alessandro Yellow card 1997 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 2000 : blood test (sanction not known)
34. Bertogliati Rubens
35. Loddo Alberto Red card 2003 : positive control
36. Ochoa Carlos José
37. Rodriguez Ortizven Jackson Jesus
38. Serpa Perez Jose Rodolfo
39. Wurf Cameron

Astana

19 years of existence, 21 cases, ie 1,11 per year

41. Vinokourov Alexandre Red card 2004 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 2007 : positive control ; 2010 : police investigation (no penalty)
42. Tiralongo Paolo
43. Gasparotto Enrico
44. Grivko Andriy
45. Jufre Pou Josep
46. Kireyev Roman
47. Iglinskiy Valentin Red card 2010 : police investigation (no penalty) ; 2014 : positive control
48. Stangelj Gorazd Red card 2000 : positive control
49. Dyachenko Alexsandr

Bbox Bouygues Telecom

26 years of existence, 4 cases, ie 0,15 per year

51. Voeckler Thomas
52. Arashiro Yukiya
53. Bonnet William
54. Charteau Anthony Red card 2012 : positive control
55. Claude Mathieu
56. Gaudin Damien
57. Le Floch Guillaume
58. Trofimov Yuri Red card 2016 : positive control
59. Tschopp Johann

Caisse d'Epargne

46 years of existence, 30 cases, ie 0,65 per year

61. Bruseghin Marzio Yellow card 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
62. Amador Bipkazakova Andrei
63. Arroyo Duran David
64. Jeannesson Arnold
65. Kiryienka Vasili
66. Lastras Pablo Yellow card 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
67. Losada Alguacil Alberto
68. Uran Rigoberto
69. Zandio Echaide Xabier

Cervelo Test Team

2 years of existence, 1 case, ie 0,5 per year

71. Sastre Carlos
72. Cuesta Lopez De Cas. Inigo
73. Gustov Wladimir Red card 2002 : positive control
74. King Edward
75. Konovalovas Ignatas
76. Lloyd Daniel
77. Wyss Marcel
78. Rasch Ole Gabriel
79. Tondo Xavier

Cofidis Le Credit en Ligne

30 years of existence, 21 cases, ie 0,7 per year

81. Moncoutie David
82. Blot Guillaume
83. Buffaz Mickael
84. Cusin Rémi
85. Duque Leonardo Fabio
86. Fouchard Julien
87. Kriit Kalle
88. Sijmens Nico
89. Monier Damien

Colnago - CSF Inox

44 years of existence, 18 cases, ie 0,41 per year

91. Pozzovivo Domenico
92. Belletti Manuel
93. Modolo Sacha
94. Bisolti Alessandro
95. Canuti Federico
96. Frapporti Marco Yellow card 2010 : police investigation (no penalty)
97. Marangoni Alan
98. Stortoni Simone
99. Pirazzi Stefano Red card 2017 : positive control

Footon - Servetto

8 years of existence, 13 cases, ie 1,63 per year

101. Capelli Ermanno
102. Brandle Matthias
103. Capecchi Eros
104. Cheula Giampaolo
105. Eibegger Markus Red card 2006 : absence to control
106. Mayoz Extebarria Iban
107. Corti Marco
108. Merlo Michele
109. Pedersen Martin

Garmin - Transitions

21 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,14 per year

111. Millar David Red card 2001 : confessions in 2004
112. Vandevelde Christian Red card 1999 : confessions in 2012 ; 2004 : confessions in 2012 ; 2004 : confessions in 2012
113. Farrar Tyler
114. Bobridge Jack Red card 2010 : enquête judiciaire et aveux en 2019 ; 2017 : enquête judiciaire et aveux en 2019
115. Dean Julian
116. Fischer Antonio Murilo
117. Martin Daniel
118. Meyer Cameron
119. Tuft Svein

Lampre - Farnese Vini

27 years of existence, 33 cases, ie 1,22 per year

121. Cunego Damiano Yellow card 2008 : too late at control (sanction not known)
122. Petacchi Alessandro Red card 2007 : positive control ; 2012 : judicial investigation
123. Simoni Gilberto Red card 1998 : blood test ; 2002 : positive control (no penalty) ; 2002 : positive control (no penalty)
124. Bono Matteo
125. Hondo Danilo Red card 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 2005 : 2 positive controls ; 2011 : enquête judiciaire et aveux en 2019
126. Marzano Marco
127. Loosli David
128. Righi Daniele
129. Spezialetti Alessandro Red card 2004 : in the act

Liquigas - Doimo

10 years of existence, 11 cases, ie 1,1 per year

131. Basso Ivan Red card 2006 : confessions in 2007
132. Nibali Vincenzo
133. Agnoli Valerio
134. Bodnar Maciej
135. Dall'antonia Tiziano
136. Kiserlovski Robert
137. Sabatini Fabio
138. Szmyd Sylwester
139. Vanotti Alessandro

Omega Pharma - Lotto

42 years of existence, 16 cases, ie 0,38 per year

141. Lang Sebastian
142. Bakelandts Jan
143. Blythe Adam Michael
144. De Greef Francis
145. Elijzen Michiel
146. Kaisen Olivier
147. Lloyd Matthew
148. Moreno Fernandez Daniel
149. Wegelius Charley

Quick Step

33 years of existence, 31 cases, ie 0,94 per year

151. Cataldo Dario
152. Engels Addy
153. Facci Mauro
154. Pineau Jérôme
155. Reda Francesco Red card 2013 : absence to control ; 2015 : positive control
156. Samoilav Branislav
157. Tossato Mateo
158. Velo Marco Red card 1994 : positive control ; 1999 : positive control ; 2000 : positive control
159. Weylandt Wouter

Rabobank

42 years of existence, 23 cases, ie 0,55 per year

161. Kruijswijk Steven
162. Ardila Mauricio Red card 2003 : positive control ; 2010 : police investigation (no penalty)
163. Brown Graeme Allen
164. Flens Rick
165. Kozontchuk Dmitry Yellow card 2010 : police investigation (no penalty)
166. Stamsnijder Tom
167. Mollema Bauke
168. Van Emden Jos
169. Weening Pieter

Sky Professional Cycling Team

16 years of existence, 7 cases, ie 0,44 per year

171. Wiggins Bradley Yellow card 2012 : disciplinary investigation (no penalty)
172. Barry Michael Red card 2003 : confessions in 2012
173. Cioni Dario Red card 2004 : positive control
174. Cummings Steven
175. Froome Chris Yellow card 2017 : positive control (no penalty)
176. Hayman Matthew
177. Henderson Gregory
178. Possoni Morris Yellow card 2010 : police investigation (no penalty)
179. Sutton Christopher

Team HTC - Columbia

23 years of existence, 33 cases, ie 1,43 per year

181. Greipel André
182. Pinotti Marco
183. Albasini Michael Red card 2005 : no location communication
184. Goss Matthew Harley
185. Hansen Adam
186. Lewis Craig
187. Rabon Frantisek
188. Reynes Mimo Vicente
189. Sieberg Marcel

Team Katusha

11 years of existence, 15 cases, ie 1,36 per year

191. Pozzato Filippo Red card 2005 : disciplinary investigation
192. Karpets Vladimir Yellow card 2010 : police investigation (no penalty)
193. Mcewen Robbie
194. Caruso Giampaolo Red card 2003 : positive control ; 2005 : puerto scandal (no penalty) ; 2012 : positive control
195. Horrach Ripoll Joan
196. Ignatiev Mikhail
197. Mazzanti Luca
198. Petrov Evgueni Red card 2005 : positive control ; 2010 : police investigation (no penalty)
199. Klimov Serguei

Team Milram

5 years of existence, 5 cases, ie 1 per year

201. Gerdemann Linus
202. Forster Robert
203. Fothen Markus Yellow card 2004 : positive control (no penalty)
204. Roberts Luke
205. Roels Dominik
206. Rohregger Thomas
207. Russ Matthias
208. Voss Paul
209. Wegmann Fabian

Team Saxo Bank

19 years of existence, 14 cases, ie 0,74 per year

211. Lund Anders
212. Cooke Baden
213. Sorensen Chris Anker Red card 2009 : no location communication
214. Sorensen Nicki Yellow card 1999 : confessions in 2015 (no penalty) ; 2004 : confessions in 2015 (no penalty)
215. Larsson Gustav Erik
216. Didier Laurent
217. Haedo Lucas Sebastian
218. Morkov Christiansen Michael
219. Porte Richie

Red card reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
Yellow card reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction


See also