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Giro d'Italia 1999 : the real numbers of doping |
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The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.
Teams | Riders | Pinned | Top 10 | Pinned | Podium | Pinned |
Mercatone Uno - Bianchi | 9 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Amica Chips - Costa de Almeria | 9 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Ballan - Alessio | 9 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Banesto | 9 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Cantina Tollo - Alexia Alluminio | 9 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Kelme - Costa Blanca | 9 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Lampre - Daikin-Colnago | 9 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Liquigas - Pata | 9 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Mapei - Quick Step | 9 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Mobilvetta Design - Northwave | 9 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Navigare - Gaerne | 9 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
O.N.C.E. - Deutsche Bank | 9 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Riso Scotti - Vinavil | 9 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Saeco Macchine da Caffè - Cannondale | 9 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Team Colpack Polti | 9 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
TVM - Farm Frites | 9 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Vini Caldirola - Sidermec | 9 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Vitalicio Seguros - Grupo Generali | 9 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 162 | 83 | 10 | 10 | 3 | 3 |
Pourcentage | 51% | 100% | 100% |
Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.
Other data :
Ranking source : www.procyclingstats.com (05/09/2020)
The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.
The list of participants by team
7 years of existence, 19 cases, ie 2,71 per year
1. Pantani Marco - 1993 : medical control (sanction not known) ; 1995 : medical control + poursuites judiciaires ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 1999 : blood test ; 2001 : in the act
2. Zaina Enrico
3. Garzelli Stefano - 2002 : positive control
4. Forconi Riccardo - 1998 : positive control ; 2001 : positive control
5. Borgheresi Simone - 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
6. Brignoli Ermanno - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : in the act
7. Fontanelli Fabiano - 1996 : positive control ; 2001 : blood test
8. Velo Marco - 1994 : positive control ; 1999 : positive control ; 2000 : positive control
9. Podenzana Massimo - 1986 : positive control
19 years of existence, 7 cases, ie 0,37 per year
11. Berzin Evgueni - 1997 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 2000 : blood test
12. De Paoli Daniele - 2001 : in the act
13. Ekimov Viatcheslav
14. Puttini Felice
15. Tronca Amilcare
16. Caucchioli Pietro - 2009 : biological passport
17. Campagnari Simone
18. Gili Marco - 1997 : positive control ; 2004 : positive control
19. Arazzi Francesco
9 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 1,11 per year
21. Baldato Fabio
22. Baldo Filippo
23. Ferrigato Andrea
24. Gontchenkov Alexandre
25. Loda Nicola - 1999 : positive control (no penalty)
26. Hvastija Martin - 2001 : in the act
27. Simoni Gilberto - 1998 : blood test ; 2002 : positive control (no penalty) ; 2002 : positive control (no penalty)
28. Tosatto Mauro Matteo
29. Ugrumov Piotr - 1995 : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
44 years of existence, 29 cases, ie 0,66 per year
31. Arrieta Lujambio José Luis - 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
32. Bruseghin Marzio - 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
33. Jimenez José-maria - 199x : dead in 2003 ; 1993 : positive control (sanction not known)
34. Zülle Alex - 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1994 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
35. Navas Chica David - 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
36. Osa Aitor
37. Piepoli Leonardo - 2007 : positive control (2 times) ; 2008 : positive control (2 times)
38. Pena Miguel Angel
39. Rodrigues Gomes Orlando Sergio
12 years of existence, 16 cases, ie 1,33 per year
41. Minali Nicola - 1997 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
42. Brognara Andrea
43. Trenti Guido - 2006 : police investigation (sanction not known)
44. Sgambelluri Roberto - 2002 : positive control
45. Gentili Massimiliano
46. Gasperoni Cristian
47. Magnani Marco - 1998 : blood test ; 2001 : judicial investigation
48. Di Luca Danilo - 199x : confessions in 2014 ; 2004 : in the act ; 2005 : confessions in 2016 (no penalty) ; 2007 : positive control ; 2007 : in the act ; 2009 : positive control (2 times) ; 2013 : positive control, confessions in 2014
49. Hamburger Bo - 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1995 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty) ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known) ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1999 : laboratory inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : positive control ; 2003 : positive control
36 years of existence, 27 cases, ie 0,75 per year
51. Rubiera Vigil José-luis
52. Heras Roberto - 2005 : positive control (no penalty)
53. Edo Angel - 1998 : blood test
54. Gonzalez-pico José-jaime - 2001 : in the act
55. Cabello Francisco - 1994 : positive control (5 times)
56. Sevilla Oscar - 2000 : positive control (no penalty) ; 2010 : positive control
57. Hernandez Eduardo
58. Otxoa Javier - 1999 : positive control
59. Uria Gonzales José-manuel
25 years of existence, 34 cases, ie 1,36 per year
61. Camenzind Oscar - 2004 : positive control
62. Bertoletti Simone
63. Codol Massimo - 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
64. Della Vedova Marco
65. Frutti Matteo
66. Missaglia Gabriele - 2001 : in the act (sanction not known) ; 2005 : police investigation (sanction not known)
67. Padrnos Pavel - 2001 : in the act (sanction not known)
68. Piccoli Mariano - 1999 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (no penalty) ; 2005 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 2010 : police investigation ; 201x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
69. Svorada Jan
13 years of existence, 2 cases, ie 0,15 per year
71. Miceli Nicola - 1998 : blood test
72. Teteriouk Andrei
73. Frattini Cristiano
74. Leoni Endrio - 2001 : in the act ; 2002 : positive control
75. Conte Biagio
76. Mason Oscar - 1998 : positive control
77. Ongarato Rodolfo
78. Dotti Fausto
79. Ivanov Ruslan
31 years of existence, 26 cases, ie 0,84 per year
81. Bettini Paolo
82. Di Grande Giuseppe - 2001 : in the act
83. Figueras Giuliano - 2001 : positive control ; 2002 : positive control
84. Fornaciari Paolo
85. Mueller Dirk - 199x : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 2000 : positive control
86. Mcrae Chann
87. Noe Andrea
88. Tafi Andrea - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
89. Van Heeswijk Max - 2007 : confessions in 2011 (no penalty)
10 years of existence, 16 cases, ie 1,6 per year
91. Richard Pascal
92. Spezialetti Alessandro - 2004 : in the act
93. Stangelj Gorazd - 2000 : positive control
94. Valoti Paolo
95. Quaranta Ivan
96. Strazzer Massimo - 2001 : positive control (no penalty)
97. Faustini Stefano
98. Gualdi Mirko
99. Trombetta Guido - 1999 : blood test (no penalty)
42 years of existence, 17 cases, ie 0,4 per year
101. Axelsson Niklas - 2001 : positive control + confessions ; 2009 : positive control
102. Balducci Gabriele
103. Pieri Dario
104. Duma Volodimyr
105. Cei Luca
106. Petacchi Alessandro - 2007 : positive control ; 2012 : judicial investigation
107. Glomser Gerrit
108. Panetta Stefano
109. Zanetti Aldo
18 years of existence, 19 cases, ie 1,06 per year
111. Canada David
112. Cuesta Lopez De Castro Inigo
113. Gonzalez Capilla Santos - 2005 : internal control (no penalty) ; 2005 : internal control (no penalty) ; 2006 : positive control
114. Jalabert Laurent - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
115. Luttenberger Peter
116. Martin Perdiguero Miguel-angel
117. Peron Andrea - 2001 : in the act (no penalty) ; 2004 : in the act (no penalty) ; 2011 : positive control (sanction not known)
118. Sastre Carlos
119. Zarrabeitia Mikel
3 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 1 per year
121. Bianchi Carlo Marino
122. Ferrari Diego
123. Basso Ivan - 2006 : confessions in 2007
124. Schiavina Samuele
125. Shefer Alexandre
126. Pozzi Oscar
127. Simeoni Filippo - 1993 : confessions in 1999 (no penalty) ; 2001 : positive control
128. Turicchia Alain - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
129. Palumbo Giuseppe
15 years of existence, 20 cases, ie 1,33 per year
131. Cipollini Mario - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
132. Savoldelli Paolo - 2005 : disciplinary investigation
133. Calcaterra Giuseppe - 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
134. Fagnini Gianmatteo
135. Frigo Dario - 1996 : confessions in 2001 (sanction not known) ; 2001 : confessions in 2001 ; 2005 : judicial investigation and confessions
136. Galletti Alessio - 2000 : in the act ; 2004 : in the act
137. Petito Roberto - 1997 : positive control (no penalty)
138. Scirea Mario - 2004 : in the act
139. Secchiari Francesco
7 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,43 per year
141. Cassani Enrico - 2003 : positive control
142. Celestino Mirko
143. Gotti Ivan - 1998 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 2001 : in the act
144. Guidi Fabrizio - 2005 : positive control (no penalty)
145. Goubert Stéphane
146. Pellicioli Oscar
147. Rebellin Davide - 2008 : positive control
148. Virenque Richard - 1994 : confessions in 2000 ; 1998 : blood test, urine, hair (sanction not known) ; 1999 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 1999 : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
149. Zanette Denis - 2001 : in the act (sanction not known)
25 years of existence, 30 cases, ie 1,2 per year
151. Blijlevens Jeroen - 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1998 : senate inquiry and confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
152. Casarotto Davide
153. Van Dijck Hendrik
154. Ivanov Sergueï - 1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 2000 : blood test
155. Klier Andreas - 1999 : confessions in 2013 (no penalty)
156. Lafis Michel
157. Asmaker Olivier
158. Vries Peter
159. Van Kessel Miguel
27 years of existence, 13 cases, ie 0,48 per year
161. Apollonio Massimo - 1998 : blood test
162. Hauptman Andrej - 2000 : blood test
163. Casagrande Filippo - 1999 : positive control (no penalty)
164. Donati Massimo
165. Honchar Sergei - 1999 : blood test ; 2007 : blood test
166. Sironi Gian-luca
167. Radaelli Mauro
168. Vainsteins Romans - 2003 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
169. Zanetti Mauro
3 years of existence, 4 cases, ie 1,33 per year
171. Clavero Sebastian Daniel - 1998 : blood test ; 2001 : police investigation
172. Blanco Gil Santiago
173. Buenahora Hernan - 2006 : positive control ; 2008 : positive control
174. Zintchenko Andrei
175. Smetanine Serguei
176. Indurain Prudencio
177. Cerezo Perales Francisco
178. Pena Victor-hugo - 2002 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
179. Salmeron Gines