Giro d'Italia 1988 : the real numbers of doping
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Giro d'Italia 1988 : the real numbers of doping |
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The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.
| Teams | Riders | Pinned | Top 10 | Pinned | Podium | Pinned |
| Alba Cucine | 9 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Alfa Lum | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Atala | 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Carrera | 9 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Ariostea | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Del Tongo | 9 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Fanini | 9 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Gewiss | 9 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Gis | 9 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cyndarella | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Malvor | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Isoglass | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Panasonic | 9 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| PDM | 9 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Reynolds | 9 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Château d'Ax | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Selca | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 7-Eleven | 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Toshiba | 9 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Zahor | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 180 | 46 | 10 | 3 | 3 | 0 |
| Pourcentage | 26% | 30% | 0% |
Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.
Other data :
Ranking source : www.tour-giro-vuelta.net (12/11/2010)
1988 : absence to control
1988 : positive control (no penalty) 1986 : confessions in 1998 (no penalty) 1979 : positive control 198x : confessions in 1987 (no penalty) 1988 : absence to control 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1997 : absence to control (no penalty) 2000 : police investigation 1987 : positive control 1993 : police investigation ; 1997 : blood test ; 1997 : blood test 1983 : disciplinary investigation (no penalty) 1983 : positive control 2002 : in the act 1997 : blood test ; 199x : blood test (no penalty) 2001 : in the act 1986 : positive control 199x : confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 1993 : judicial investigation (no penalty) 1994 : positive control (no penalty) 2000 : blood test 1987 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty) 1981 : positive control ; 198x : confessions in 1990 (sanction not known) 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty) 2004 : judicial investigation 1992 : positive control (sanction not known) 198x : confessions in 2014 (no penalty) 1990 : positive control ; 1991 : positive control 2001 : in the act 1990 : positive control ; 1993 : positive control 1987 : positive control ; 1993 : police investigation 198x : confessions in 2007 (no penalty) 1979 : positive control (sanction not known) 1986 : absence to control ; 1985 : confessions in 2005 (no penalty) 1992 : positive control reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction
The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.
| Rider | Product | Race | Year | Sanction | Control |
| Giupponi Flavio | Tour d'Italie | 1988 | Oui | Constat de carence | |
| Visentini Roberto | Tour d'Italie | 1988 | Oui | Constat de carence |
The list of participants by team
1. Chesini Flavio
2. Colage Stefano 2021 : positive control
3. Franceschini Marco
4. Galleschi Enrico
5. Giannelli Alessandro
6. Grimani Enrico
7. Massi Rodolfo 1998 : in the act ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
8. Santaromita Mauro-antonio 1997 : blood test ; 199x : blood test (no penalty)
9. Savini Claudio
8 years of existence, 1 case, ie 0,13 per year
11. Amadori Marino
12. Boffo Luciano
13. Caroli Daniele
14. Maini Orlando 2000 : police investigation
15. Passera Camillo
16. Rossi Maurizio
17. Longo Federico
18. Zen Marco
19. Skoda Jiri
25 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 0,4 per year
21. Bardelloni Giambattista
22. Cortinovis Tullio
23. Mantovani Giovanni
24. Martinello Silvio
25. Noris Mario
26. Podenzana Massimo 1986 : positive control
27. Vandelli Claudio
28. Vandelli Maurizio
29. Vitali Marco
21 years of existence, 11 cases, ie 0,52 per year
31. Visentini Roberto 1988 : absence to control
32. Zimmermann Urs
33. Bontempi Guido 1987 : positive control ; 1993 : police investigation
34. Ghirotto Massimo
35. Maechler Erich
36. Cerin Primoz
37. Chiappucci Claudio 1993 : police investigation ; 1997 : blood test ; 1997 : blood test
38. Bordonali Fabio
39. Votolo Marco-franco
10 years of existence, 2 cases, ie 0,2 per year
41. Cesarini Francesco
42. Nilsson Kjell
43. Joho Stephan
44. Piva Valerio
45. Rabottini Luciano
46. Roscioli Fabio
47. Saligari Marco
48. Siboni Marcello 2001 : in the act
49. Sorensen Rolf 199x : confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 1993 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
10 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,3 per year
51. Saronni Giuseppe 1983 : disciplinary investigation (no penalty)
52. Piovani Maurizio
53. Chioccioli Franco
54. Giupponi Flavio 1988 : absence to control
55. Lecchi Angelo
56. Loro Luciano
57. Lang Czeslaw
58. Piasecki Lech
59. Rota Luca
61. Tomasini Stefano
62. Cimini Paolo
63. Gavazzi Pierino 2004 : judicial investigation
64. Di Basco Alessio 1992 : positive control
65. Finazzi Sergio
66. Elli Alberto 2001 : in the act
67. Botteon Luigi
68. Sprefico Maurizio
69. Brugna Walter 1993 : positive control ; 2008 : positive control
71. Furlan Luigi
72. Bombini Emanuele 2000 : police investigation
73. Cassani Davide
74. Pagnin Roberto
75. Piccolo Renato
76. Rosola Paolo
77. Salvador Ennio
78. Volpi Alberto 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1997 : absence to control (no penalty)
79. Worre Jesper 1992 : positive control (sanction not known)
81. Baffi Adriano
82. Cavallaro Salvatore
83. Cipollini Cesare
84. Del Ben Daniele
85. Ghiotto Federico 1990 : positive control ; 1993 : positive control
86. Giovannetti Marco
87. Masciarelli Palmiro
88. Petito Giuseppe
89. Van Der Velde Johan 1981 : positive control ; 198x : confessions in 1990 (sanction not known)
91. Breu Beat 1979 : positive control
92. Fuchs Fabian
93. Gisiger Daniel 198x : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
94. Hurlimann Bruno
95. Rodriguez Gil Manuel
96. Pedretti Omar
97. Schwarzentruber Pius
98. Steinmann Kurt
99. Stutz Werner
101. Contini Silvano 1987 : positive control
102. Faresin Gianni 2000 : blood test
103. Fregonese Giampaolo
104. Lorenzon Silvano
105. Pizzol Daniele
106. Strazzer Giovanni
107. Wechselberger Helmut
108. Wohlfahrter Arno
109. Popp Paul
111. Vandi Alfio
112. Redant Hendrik
113. Ronsse Luc
114. Clarysse Dirk
115. Van De Walle Geert
116. Cavallo Domenico
117. Ferretti Antonio
118. Wyder Daniel
119. Ostergaard Jan-erik
121. Breukink Eric
122. Freuler Urs 1990 : positive control ; 1991 : positive control
123. Lubberding Henk
124. Nulens Guy
125. Peiper Allan 1986 : absence to control ; 1985 : confessions in 2005 (no penalty)
126. De Rooy Theo 198x : confessions in 2014 (no penalty)
127. Vanderaerden Eric
128. Van Vliet Teun
129. Winnen Peter 1986 : confessions in 1998 (no penalty)
7 years of existence, 16 cases, ie 2,29 per year
131. Lemond Greg
132. Barteau Vincent
133. Dhaenens Rudy 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
134. Müller Jörg 1987 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
135. Pedersen Dag-erik
136. Rooks Steven 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty) ; 1989 : confessions in 1998 & 2009 (no penalty)
137. Stevenhaagen Peter 1988 : confessions (no penalty)
138. Theunisse Gert-jan 1988 : positive control ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty) ; 1989 : positive control ; 1990 : positive control
139. Van Orsouw Marc 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
46 years of existence, 30 cases, ie 0,65 per year
141. Delgado Robledo Pedro 1988 : positive control (no penalty)
142. Lukin Morantin Luis Javier
143. Laguia Martinez José-luis 1983 : positive control
144. Hernandez Riano Omar-pablo
145. Arnaud Dominique
146. Palacios Navar. William
147. Myyrylainen Kari
148. Rodriguez Magro Jesus
149. Mauri-prat Melchior
151. Bugno Gianni 1994 : positive control ; 1997 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : in the act
152. Rominger Tony 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
153. Corti Claudio
154. Allocchio Stefano
155. Bottoia Giovanni
156. Giuliani Stefano
157. Pozzi Alessandro
158. Vanotti Ennio
159. Vona Franco
161. Asti Daniele
162. Conti Roberto 2002 : in the act
163. Moro Michele
164. Morandi Dante
165. Musetti Moreno
166. Gambirasio Patrizio
167. Rocchi Edoardo
168. Brugnami Gianluca
169. Vannucci Fabrizio
17 years of existence, 5 cases, ie 0,29 per year
171. Alcala Gallegos Raul
172. Hampsten Andrew
173. Kiefel Ron
174. Knickman Roy
175. Lauritzen Dag-otto
176. Phinney Davis
177. Pierce Jeff
178. Roll Bob
179. Veggerby Jens 1993 : positive control
8 years of existence, 8 cases, ie 1 per year
181. Bernard Jean-françois
182. Bincoletto Pierangelo
183. Kappes Andreas 1997 : positive control ; 2000 : positive control (no penalty)
184. Lammerts Johan
185. Madiot Marc 198x : confessions in 1987 (no penalty)
186. Poisson Pascal 198x : aveux en 2021 (no penalty)
187. Philipot Fabrice
188. Gaigne Dominique
189. Riis Bjarne 198x : confessions in 2010 (no penalty) ; 1993 : confessions in 2007 ; 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
191. Fernandez Juan
192. Fancello Cyrille
193. Van Brabant Benny
194. Ocana Perez Angel
195. Martinez Guttierez Juan-thomas
196. Suarez Cueva Jésus 1979 : positive control (sanction not known)
197. Ibanez Loyo Jesus-ignacio
198. Portillo Rosado Santiago
199. Zapatero Juan-mart
reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction
Notes de lecture Acheter ce livre sur amazon.fr